UNLABELLED Detailed anatomy, crucial in modern high-definition diagnostics imaging, is a base for understanding diagnostic images and the nature of the diagnosed disease. THE AIM OF THIS PAPER is presentation of a new anatomical model of the rotator cuff, which includes definition of tendinous and capsule-ligamentous layers as equally important to rotator cuff function understanding. Schemati...

background suprascapular neuropathy (ssn) is generally thought of as a diagnosis of exclusion. however, increasing attention is being paid to the diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of this pathology to prevent chronic supraspinatus and infraspinatus atrophy in patients. to date, literature has only articulated variable or customized treatment and rehabilitation plans without clear standard...

The aim of this study was to examine interleukin-6 production and the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) in ruptured rotator cuff tendon. Specimens of ruptured rotator cuff tendons were analysed using real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Specimens of co-existing inflammatory subacromial synovi...

INTRODUCTION: Current rotator cuff repairs have a high incidence of asymptomatic defects [1]. Researchers have quantified that current repairs only restore a maximum of 67% of the original footprint of the rotator cuff [2]. Recently, double row suture anchors repair techniques have been reported that could re-establish the footprint of the rotator cuff [3,4]. Reports have shown that the biomech...

INTRODUCTION rotator cuff tears (RCTs) are the most common tendon injury seen in orthopedic patients. Muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration of the muscle are crucial factors that dictate the outcome following rotator cuff surgery. Though less studied in humans, rotator cuff muscle fibrosis has been seen in animal models as well and may influence outcomes as well. The purpose of this study was t...

BACKGROUND Rotator cuff repair incidence rates have reportedly increased in the United States and England. Here we analyzed nationwide data relating to rotator cuff repairs recorded in the Finnish National Hospital Discharge Register (NHDR). METHODS The NHDR was reviewed to identify adult patients who underwent rotator cuff repair between 1998 and 2011. Incidence rates per 10(5) person-years ...

Rotator cuff ruptures are the most common degenerative tendon injury and occur mainly in older patients as multifactorial disorders manifesting the main symptoms of pain and restricted range of motion. Thorough clinical examination of the shoulder includes testing the function of the rotator cuff and leads to a tentative clinical diagnosis that is the prerequisite for diagnostic imaging procedu...

BACKGROUND The reported rate of failure after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair has varied widely. The influence of the repair technique on the failure rates and functional outcomes after open or arthroscopic rotator cuff repair remains controversial. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the functional and anatomic results of arthroscopic rotator cuff repairs performed with the doubl...

BACKGROUND rotator cuff muscle atrophy, fibrosis and fatty infiltration are common complications after large and massive rotator cuff tears. Currently, there are no effective treatments for these muscle pathologies after injury. Furthermore, the cellular source for fibrotic and adipose tissues in rotator cuff muscle after injury remains unknown. In this study, we proposed that two groups of mus...

Rotator cuff tears in young overhead sports athletes are rare. The pathomechanism causing rotator cuff tears in young overhead athletes is different from that in aged patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate rotator cuff tear characteristics in young overhead sports athletes to reveal the pathomechanism causing these injuries. This study included 25 overhead sports athletes less t...