A technique has been developed to detect and map fire growth by using a multitemporal multispectral analysis of AVHRR images. The application of this technique allows fire growth nwnitoring. The technique is mainly based on comparison of brightness temperature differences and AVHRR Channels 3 and 4 for successive images. It provides a rapid evaluation of the area affected by the fire but suppre...

[1] We investigate the modulation of aerosols by the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) using multiple, global satellite aerosol products: aerosol index (AI) from the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) on Nimbus-7, and aerosol optical thickness (AOT) from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on Terra and Aqua and the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) on NOA...

Using the data gathered from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) 0.63 and 3.7 μm channels, an algorithm for the inference of cirrus cloud optical depth and mean effective size has been developed for the first time. This scheme is based on the correlation between the 3.7 μm (total) and 0.63 μm radiances that is constructed from radiative transfer calculations involving ice cryst...

With recent, dramatic changes in Arctic sea ice and the Antarctic ice sheets, the importance of monitoring the climate of the polar regions has never been greater. While many individual global satellite products exist, the AVHRR Polar Pathfinder products provide a comprehensive set of variables that can be used to study trends and interactions within the Arctic and Antarctic climate systems. Th...

In this study, satellite-based remote sensing techniques were developed for identifying smoke from forest fires. Both artificial neural networks (NN) and multithreshold techniques were explored for application with imagery from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) aboard NOAA satellites. The NN was designed such that it does not only classify a scene into smoke, cloud, or clear ...

The Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) provides a global, long-term, consistent time series of radiance data in several wavebands which are used for the retrieval of surface spectral reflectance, albedo and surface temperature. Long-term time series of such data products are necessary for studies addressing climate change, sea ice distribution and movement, and ice sheet coastal c...

A new multi-decade national-wide coarse-resolution data set of leaf area index (LAI) over the Republic of Kazakhstan has been developed based on data from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and in situ measurements of vegetation structure. The Kazakhstan-wide LAI product has been retrieved using an algorithm based on a physical radiative transfer model establishing a relations...

A method for reducing the impact of noise in the 3.7 micron spectral channel in climate data records derived from coarse resolution (4 km) global measurements from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) data is presented. A dynamic size-varying median filter is applied to measurements guided by measured noise levels and scene temperatures for individual AVHRR sensors on historic N...

[1] This work evaluates whether continuity between Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) is achievable for monitoring phenological changes in Alaska. This work also evaluates whether NDVI can detect changes in start of the growing season (SOS) in this region. Six quadratic regressi...

In order to estimate the spatial covariance structure of sea surface temperature (SST) using advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data, autocorrelation induced by the sensor itself must be determined and then removed before the correlative properties of SST per se can be found. Sensor-induced autocorrelation arises from (1) partially redundant sampling and (2) a nonideal i...