BACKGROUND This study observes changes in levels of seminal nitric oxide (NO), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), sperm DNA integrity, chromatin condensation and Caspase-3in adult healthy men after scrotal heat stress (SHS). METHODS Exposure of the scrotum of 25 healthy male volunteers locally at 40-43°C SHS belt warming 40 min each day for successive 2...

BACKGROUND Exposure to household Secondhand Smoke (SHS) poses a major health threat to children after an indoor smoking ban was imposed in Taiwan. This study aimed to assess the household SHS exposure in elementary school children in southern Taiwan and the factors associated with their avoidance of SHS exposure before and after the implementation of Taiwan's new Tobacco Hazards Prevention Act ...

BACKGROUND Although public health programs have led to a substantial decrease in the prevalence of tobacco smoking, the adverse health effects of tobacco smoke exposure are by no means a thing of the past. In the United States, 4 of 10 school-aged children and 1 of 3 adolescents are involuntarily exposed to secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS), with children of minority ethnic backgrounds and those l...

INTRODUCTION Many studies have clearly linked exposure to Second Hand Smoke (SHS) to various somatic diseases, however, few studies have examined the relationship between SHS and mental disorders and those that have were only conducted with specific groups. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between SHS exposure and mental disorders among Chinese residents in both worksite...

Secondhand smoke (SHS) is a major risk factor for poor health outcomes among women in China, where proportionately few women smoke. This is especially the case as it pertains to women's reproductive health, specifically migrant women who are exposed to SHS more than the population at large. There are several factors which may increase migrant women's risk of SHS exposure. This paper aims to inv...

BACKGROUND Monitoring disparities in secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure is important for tailoring smoke-free policies to the needs of different groups. We examined disparity and trends in SHS exposure among both nonsmokers and smokers at Japanese workplaces between 2002 and 2012. METHODS A total of 32,940 employees in nationally representative, population-based, repeated cross-sectional surveys...

سابقه و هدف: گیاه­ پالایی مقرون­ به­ صرفه سازگار با محیط زیست است که در آن گیاه از توانایی‌‌های طبیعی خود برای بازیابی استفاده ‌‌می‌‌‌کند. گیاهان مورد باید توانایی انباشت مقادیر زیادی آلاینده‌‌های فلزی را بدون ایجاد سمیت آنها داشته باشند. امروزه افزایش جمعیت جهان به دنبال توسعه صنایع کارخانه‌‌ها، بر میزان پساب‌‌های وارده غالبا حاوی فلزات سنگین مختلف ‌‌می‌‌‌باشند، افزوده ‌‌می‌‌‌شود. تاثیرات مخرب...

INTRODUCTION The objective of this manuscript is to examine the prevalence of youth exposed to second-hand smoke (SHS) in homes and cars, changes in SHS exposure over time, and factors associated with beliefs youth hold regarding SHS exposure among a nationally representative sample of Canadian youth. METHODS Descriptive analysis of SHS exposure in homes and cars was conducted using data from...

OBJECTIVE To determine the association between secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure and length of stay (LOS) and other exacerbation severity indicators in children hospitalized for asthma. METHODS We conducted a retrospective chart review at 2 children's hospitals. Patients aged 2 to 18 hospitalized for asthma in 2012 were included. Outcome variables included LOS, PICU, magnesium, and intravenous ...