Background and Aims: lamivudine is amongst the antiviral for drug chronic hepatitis B treatment. During therapy with lamivudine, variants may emerge with YMDD mutation in the reverse transcriptase (RT) region of polymerase gene. This mutation might have a role in drug resistant for HBV. Materials and Methods: HBV DNA extraction from serum sample of 88 patients, were subjected to nested PCR for ...

AIM To develop a simple and rapid detection of HBV gene variants and prediction of lamivudine-resistance in patients. METHODS Initially, plasmids harboring the wild-type or mutant HBV DNA fragments were used in a model system. The technique was then applied to clinical samples for an analysis of YMDD mutations. The sera were extracted from chronic hepatitis patients who had received lamivudin...

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) pregenomic RNA contains a hairpin structure (ε) located in the preCore region, essential for viral replication. ε stability is enhanced by the presence of preCore variants and ε is recognized by the HBV polymerase (Pol). Mutations in the retrotranscriptase domain (YMDD) of Pol are associated with treatment resistance. The aim of this study was to analyze the preCore regi...

موتیف (که در زبان فارسی به آن درون مایه یا بن مایه گفته می شود)، به عنوان عنصری مهم در نقد وتحلیل متون ادبی، در نقد اروپایی مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. اصل کلمه ی «موتیف» فرانسوی است ودر ادبیات به معنای فکر اصلی، یا موضوع یا لفظ تکرار شونده، یا عامل و انگیزه است. موتیف ها در شعر حاوی دلالالت های نمادینی هستند که با روح و اندیشه ها و عواطف شاعر ارتباطی تنگاتنگ و بنیادین دارند. غربت به معنای زندگی ...

Background/Aims : Emergence of tyrosine-methionine-aspartate-aspartate (YMDD) motif in reverse transcriptase is a serious problem chronic hepatitis B(CHB) patients after Lamivudine (LAM) therapy. However, the relationship between inflammation pharmacological reaction and YMDD mutational patterns CHB has not been well-characterized. The aim this study was to investigate different mutants patient...

Post-transplant malignancy is the major cause of later death of recipients after liver transplantation. Tumor recurrence after liver transplantation for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in the end stage of cirrhosis has been frequently encountered. However, de novo hepatocellular carcinoma originating from the liver allograft has only rarely been reported. Here we reported a case of de no...