Abstract This study is designed to solve supply chain inefficiencies caused by some members' financial problems, such as capital shortages and financing restrictions in a stochastic environment. To this end, we have established finance framework designing two novel coordinating contracts based on trade credit for different problem settings. These are modeled the form of multi-leader Stackelberg...

مکان‌یابی با درنظرگرفتن موضوع رقابت در بازار، یک تصمیم راهبردی و بلندمدت محسوب می­‌شود. چنانچه انتخاب مکان، بررسی‌­های لازم صورت نگیرد، حیات سازمان تحت تأثیر قرار می‌­گیرد. به‌­دلیل وجود پیچیدگی‌­های موجود مسائل مکان‌یابی، ارائه مدل‌های محدودیت­‌های متنوعی مواجه است. هدف این پژوهش، توسعه مدل رقابتی درنظر­گرفتن دو محصول از سوی سه رقیب است؛ برای منظور، مسئله به‌­صورت بازی مکان ـ قیمت تعریف استفاد...

میون‌­ها به دلیل سطح مقطع کوچک برای انجام واکنش، متداول‌­ترین تابش فضایی قابل آشکارسازی در زمین هستند. همانند سایر ذراتی که از طریق برخورد ذرات پرانرژی تولید می‌­شوند، ناپایدار و دارای طیف توزیع طول عمر این مقاله، انرژی میون با استفاده سیستم طیف‌­سنجی دیجیتال اندازه‌­گیری شده است. روش ارایه همه ماژول­ه‌ای الکترونیک هسته‌­ای آنالوگ حذف فرایند شکل­ دهی سیگنال‌­ها ثبت آن­ها صورت نرم­‌افزاری اندازه...

A particularly interesting question in mathematical economics is the ‘turnpike’ problem. There have been many papers written on the subject, bearing out Nikaido’s (1964) prediction that ‘it will continue to bewitch many people’. In this paper we present an extension to the classical turnpike theory for the discounted optimal control problem, developed in the context of Implicit Programming theo...

The penetration of /Mactam antibiotics through the outer membraneis a prerequisite for exhibiting the antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria. The elucidation of penetration routes has been the subject of many papers, and our understanding of the functions of a variety of outer membraneproteins has increased in recent years. It is knownthat major outer membraneproteins which form ...

To cite: Haruta(Inoue) Y, Kataoka Y, Nikaido J, et al. BMJ Case Rep Published online: [please include Day Month Year] doi:10.1136/ bcr-2016-216232 DESCRIPTION A 58-year-old woman with no history of smoking was admitted to our hospital with exacerbation of cough. CT of the chest revealed a left upper lobe lung tumour. Bronchoscopic biopsy of the tumour revealed stage IV poorly differentiated ade...

To date several classes of multidrug exporters have been identifi ed in prokaryotic cells, one of which is the resistance nodulation division (RND) family transporters (Poole and Srikumar, 2001). In this type of effl ux system, RND, an inner membrane proton-drug antiporter, forms a tripartite construct with a channel-forming outer membrane protein and an inner membrane protein of the MFP (membr...

Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is characterized by irreversible damage that engenders fibrosis and necrosis of pancreatic tissue, with the consequent loss of endocrine and exocrine function of the pancreas. The clinical course of CP engenders a high rate of morbidity and mortality over a 20-25-year period. In view of this fact, current efforts emphasize the establishment of early diagnosis to commen...

Gram-negative bacteria characteristically are surrounded by an additional membrane layer, the outer membrane. Although outer membrane components often play important roles in the interaction of symbiotic or pathogenic bacteria with their host organisms, the major role of this membrane must usually be to serve as a permeability barrier to prevent the entry of noxious compounds and at the same ti...