Rats selectively bred to develop diet-induced obesity (DIO) were compared with those bred to be diet resistant (DR) on a 31% fat high-energy diet with regard to their central leptin signaling and blood-brain barrier (BBB) transport. Peripheral leptin injection (15 mg/kg ip) into lean 4- to 5-wk-old rats produced 54% less anorexia in DIO than DR rats. DIO rats also had 21, 63, and 64% less lepti...

Levin, Barry E., and Ambrose A. Dunn-Meynell. Defense of body weight against chronic caloric restriction in obesity-prone and -resistant rats. Am. J. Physiol. Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 278: R231–R237, 2000.—Half of Sprague-Dawley rats develop and defend diet-induced obesity (DIO) or diet resistance (DR) when fed a high-energy (HE) diet. Here, adult male rats were made DIO or DR afte...

We have demonstrated that treating diet-induced obese (DIO) mice with the vasopeptidase inhibitor ilepatril improved neural function. Vasopeptidase inhibitors block angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and neutral endopeptidase (NEP) activity. We propose that increased activity of ACE and NEP contributes to pathophysiology of DIO. To address this issue C57Bl/6J mice or mice deficient in NEP were...

Some animals and humans fed a high-energy diet (HED) are diet-resistant (DR), remaining as lean as individuals who were naïve to HED. Other individuals become obese during HED exposure and subsequently defend the obese weight (Diet-Induced Obesity- Defenders, DIO-D) even when subsequently maintained on a low-energy diet. We hypothesized that the body weight setpoint of the DIO-D phenotype resid...

Probiotics have been proposed as alternatives to pharmacological products in several medical conditions including the modulation of obesity, which is frequently associated with poor semen quality. However, effects of probiotics on male fertility have been less investigated. This study assessed the effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus PB01 (DSM-14870) on sperm kinematic parameters in Normal-weight ...