Neurology is now well beyond being just a great specialty with a logical approach to a varied spectrum of interesting disorders. Gratifyingly, decades of nihilism in neurologic care have been replaced with a sense of buoyancy, as rapidly emerging data foster improved understanding of pathophysiology and resolve longstanding clinical equipoise surrounding many therapeutic interventions. Also, te...

The avian enteric nervous system (ENS) consists of a vast number of unusually small ganglia compared to other peripheral ganglia. Each ENS ganglion at mid-gestation has a core of neurons and a shell of mesenchymal precursor/glia-like enteric neural crest (ENC) cells. To study ENS cell ganglionation we isolated midgut ENS cells by HNK-1 fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) from E5 and E8 q...

In the present study, Cd(2+) adsorption on polyacrylate-coated TiO(2) engineered nanoparticles (TiO(2)-ENs) and its effect on the bioavailability as well as toxicity of Cd(2+) to a green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii were investigated. TiO(2)-ENs could be well dispersed in the experimental medium and their pH(pzc) is approximately 2. There was a quick adsorption of Cd(2+) on TiO(2)-ENs and a s...

The zebrafish enteric nervous system (ENS), like those of all other vertebrate species, is principally derived from the vagal neural crest cells (NCC). The developmental controls that govern the migration, proliferation and patterning of the ENS precursors are not well understood. We have investigated the roles of endoderm and Sonic hedgehog (SHH) in the development of the ENS. We show that end...

abstract aim: to assess anti-neuronal antibodies (na) prevalence and their correlation with neurological disorders and bowel habits in celiac disease (cd) patients. background: neurological manifestations are estimated to occur in about 10% of celiac disease patients and na to central nervous system (cns) and enteric nervous system (ens) are found in a significant proportion of them. little is ...

Previous studies and meta-analyses of the efficacy of electrical nerve stimulation (ENS) for the treatment of chronic pain of multiple etiologies have produced mixed results. The objective of the present study was to determine whether ENS is an effective treatment for chronic musculoskeletal pain by using statistical techniques that permit accumulation of a sample size with adequate power. Rand...

The enteric nervous system (ENS) is mainly derived from vagal neural crest cells (NCC) that arise at the level of somites 1-7. To understand how the size and composition of the NCC progenitor pool affects ENS development, we reduced the number of NCC by ablating the neural tube adjacent to somites 3-6 to produce aganglionic gut. We then back-transplanted various somite lengths of quail neural t...

برای دستیابی به مزیت رقابتی در شرایط عدم‌­اطمینان که آن تغییر ضروری است، یکی از چالش‌های بزرگ سازمان‌ها کاهش ریسک طریق ایجاد زنجیره‌های تأمین تاب‌آور است. تاب‌آوری زنجیره ‌تأمین توانایی مقابله با اختلال اشاره دارد یک رویداد غیرقابل‌پیش‌بینی بوده و دارای منابع داخلی خارجی مختلفی ازجمله بلایای طبیعی ریسک‌های عملیاتی پژوهش حاضر شبیه‌سازی توسط نرم‌افزار ارنا زنجیره‌ سنگ ساختمانی «کارخانه سنگبری آسم...