The neural network algorithm in this paper is applied to the ocean surface wind speed retrievals. Firstly, the Ku band backscattering coefficient (σKu) is considered as the input parameter to retrieve the wind speed and the retrieval precision reaches 1 m/s (root mean square error) for HY2 altimeter. Secondly, by introducing the Ku-band significant wave height (swhku), C-band backscattering coe...

We present a novel approach to the analysis of the normal state in-plane σab and out-of-plane σc conductivities of anisotropic layered crystals such as oxygen deficient Y Ba2Cu3Ox. It can be shown that the resistive anisotropy is determined by the ratio of the phase coherence lengths in the respective directions; i.e., σab/σc = l 2 ab/l 2 c . From the idea that at all doping levels and temperat...

A mechanistic study of the bimolecular nucleophilic substitution (SN2) reaction for halomethane CH3X (X = Cl, Br, or I) is approached by using symmetry principles and molecular orbital theory. The electrophilicity of the functionalized sp–carbon is attributable to a 2p-orbital-based antibonding MO along the C–X bond. This antibonding MO, upon accepting an electron pair from a nucleophile, gives...

The large (10 2 − 10 5) and strongly temperature dependent resistive anisotropy η = (σ ab /σc) 1/2 of cuprates perhaps holds the key to understanding their normal state in-plane σ ab and out-of-plane σc conductivities. It can be shown that η is determined by the ratio of the phase coherence lengths ℓ i in the respective directions: σ ab /σc = ℓ 2 ab /ℓ 2 c. In layered crystals in which the out-...

Given a labelled transition system LTS partially observed by an attacker, and a regular predicate Sec over the runs of LTS, enforcing opacity of the secret Sec in LTS means computing a supervisory controller K such that an attacker who observes a run of K/LTS cannot ascertain that the trace of this run belongs to Sec based on the knowledge of LTS and K. We lift the problem from a single labelle...

The spectrum of the C = 1 hyperons is well described by the constituent quark model, if the fine structure interaction between the light and strange quarks is mediated by the SU(3)F octet of light pseudoscalar mesons, which are the Goldstone bosons of the hidden approximate chiral symmetry of QCD. With the addition of a phenomenological flavor exchange interaction of the same form between the l...

The magnetic moment of the Λc, Ξ + c1 and Ξ 0 c1 vanish when the charm quark mass is taken to infinity because the light degrees of freedom are in a spin zero configuration. The heavy quark spin-symmetry violating contribution from the light degrees of freedom starts at order 1/mc, the same order as the contribution from the heavy charm quark. We compute the leading long-distance contribution t...

We report on the photoinduced changes of the electronic properties of YBa2Cu3Ox (x ≈ 6.6) thin films, focussing on the electrical anisotropy in the normal and the superconducting state. The latter was determined from magnetoconductivity measurements, performed before and after light excitation, and fitting the experimental results to the Aslamazov–Larkin theory of superconducting order-paramete...

We present Spitzer 70 and 160 μm observations of the COSMOS Spitzer survey (S-COSMOS). The data processing techniques are discussed for the publicly released products consisting of images and source catalogs. We present accurate 70 and 160 μm source counts of the COSMOS field and find reasonable agreement with measurements in other fields and with model predictions. The previously reported coun...