Introduction: Beta-actin is a housekeeping gene, which is used as an internal standard in various biological studies. Recently, it was reported that the expression of commonly used housekeeping genes including ß–actin changes in disease states or under certain experimental conditions. Based on the reports about the effects of sex hormones on the expression of the ß- actin gene, in this study...

abstract introduction major ß thalassemia represents a group of recessively inherited hemoglobin disorder, which is characterized by reduced synthesis of globins chains. frequent blood transfusions can lead to iron overload, which may result in several endocrine complication especially in the absence of adequate chelating therapy. the objective of this study were to determine the prevalence of ...

ß-Carotene is present in extremely high concentrations in bovine corpus luteum. The aim of this study was to examine the extent of the seasonal variation in concentrations of luteal ß-carotene in cows. A total of 102 corpora lutea collected throughout all 12 months of the year were analysed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The mean ß-carotene concentration of the luteal tissues...

<span lang="EN-US">Bullying is one of the major issues worldwide and most prevalent school violence. Bullying a negative behavior toward an individual or group individuals that are considered weak. often associated with self-esteem. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify influence students’ tendency be bullies (physical, verbal, anti-social, cyber) on This involved 150 secondary ...

Here we investigate how ß-adrenergic stimulation of the heart alters regulation of ryanodine receptors (RyRs) by intracellular Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) and the role of these changes in SR Ca(2+) release. RyRs were isolated from rat hearts, perfused in a Langendorff apparatus for 5 min and subject to 1 min perfusion with 1 µM isoproterenol or without (control) and snap frozen in liquid N2 to capture th...

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BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to measure malondialdehyde (MDA) and isoprostane which has been used as an index of lipid injury, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), which has been used as an index of DNA damage, and dialkyl-phosphate (DAP), which has been used to quantify pesticide exposure, and to investigate the relationship between pesticide exposure and oxidative stress. MET...

The growth hormone secretagogue receptor, GHSR1a, mediates the biological activities of ghrelin, which includes the secretion of growth hormone, as well as the stimulation of appetite, food intake and maintenance of energy homeostasis. Mapping phosphorylation sites on GHSR1a and knowledge of how these sites control specific functional consequences unlocks new strategies for the development of t...

TGF-ß is a multifunctional cytokine that is involved in cell proliferation, differentiation and function. We previously reported an essential role of the TGF-ß -Smad2/3 pathways in RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing, we comprehensively identified Smad2/3 target genes in bone marrow macrophages. These genes were enriched in the gene popul...

The literature on TGF-ß in cancer including data on the expression or activation of TGF-ß pathway components in specific tumors types is steadily growing. However, no systematic and uniform analysis exists reporting expression levels of the main TGF-ß pathway components across the most frequent tumor types. We used a standardized immunohistochemical assay investigating TGF-ß isoform expression ...