This paper discusses the relationship between Lev Vygotsky's zone of proximal development and cooperative learning. Vygotsky (1896-1934), a Russian psychologist, formulated a theory that children first develop lower mental functions such as simple perceptions, associative learning, and involuntary attention; then, through social interactions with more advanced peers and adults, they eventually ...

The extent of aluminium internalization during the recovery from aluminium stress in living roots of Arabidopsis thaliana was studied by non-invasive in vivo microscopy in real time. Aluminium exposure caused rapid depolarization of the plasma membrane. The extent of depolarization depends on the developmental state of the root cells; it was much more extensive in cells of the distal than in th...

Abscission zone tissue of citrus was shown to have a higher rate of protein synthesis than tissue distal or proximal to it, based on the incorporation of leucine-1-(14)C. The proximal tissue had the slowest rate of protein synthesis. As the tissue approached abscission, the rate of synthesis in the abscission zone decreased and the differences in rate of protein synthesis between the 3 zones al...

PURPOSE Arch aneurysm combined with insufficient Zone 1 length remains challenging. While a chimney stentgraft with supra-aortic bypass is a recognized solution for arch aneurysm, no definite strategy has been established yet. The aim of this study was to investigate efficacy of chimney stentgraft for patients with zone 1 of insufficient length. METHODS Between 2011 and 2013, 10 consecutive p...

<p style="text-align: justify;">This article highlights the main ideas that underlie differences in potential pragmatic knowledge constructs students experience when solving problems, between zone of proximal development (ZPD) and construction (ZPC). This qualitative research is based on a phenomenological approach to finding meaning things are fundamental essential from ZPD ZPC phenomena...

One of the goals of software design is to model a system in such a way that it is easily understandable. Nowadays the tendency for software development is changing from manual coding to automatic code generation; it is becoming model-based. This is a response to the software crisis, in which the cost of hardware has decreased and conversely the cost of software development has increased sharply...

OBJECTIVE In our study we wanted to showed the safety, feasibility, efficacy and way how to solve the problems of endovascular repair for aortic dissection with insufficient proximal Landing Zone. METHODS The clinical data of all the patients with insufficient proximal Landing Zone (PLZ) for endovascular repair for aortic aneurism and dissection Stanford type B for the period from October 201...