tio2/zro2 nanocomposite was obtained by the sonochemical technique. in this method, two separate gels containing zirconium and titanium were prepared and mixed together. the precursor sol of zirconium was prepared from an aqueous solution of zrcl4. the precursor titanium tetra isopropoxide (ttip) dissolved in isopropanol. mixing of titanium and zirconium gels was resulted in a yellow tio2/zro2 ...

Solid phase synthesis of phosphonate-modified oligoribonucleotides using 2'-O-benzoyloxymethoxymethyl protected monomers is presented in both 3'→5' and 5'→3' directions. Hybridisation properties and enzymatic stability of oligoribonucleotides modified by regioisomeric 3'- and 5'-phosphonate linkages are evaluated. The introduction of the 5'-phosphonate units resulted in moderate destabilisation...

Thanks to the Kroll process, metallic zirconium can be produced by means of a fairly complicated reduction process. In actual fact, the ore is found as a by-product when mining titanium and tin ore. Since 2003, the price of zirconium has more than doubled. This is the result of increasing demand and also the fact that a considerable amount of energy is needed to release zirconium from its chemi...

A cationic, pentanuclear aluminium phosphonate cage, [L(4)Al(5)Cl(6)(THF)(6)]Cl, 1, supported by (phthalimidomethyl) phosphonate, (L), has been synthesized and characterized. This polynuclear cage features the phosphonate ligand in an unusual coordination mode, supporting five aluminium atoms in two different environments. In comparison, the aqueous reaction of LH(2) with In(ClO(4))(3) afforded...

Considerable attention has been focused on the development of phosphonate-containing drugs for application in many therapeutic areas. However phosphonate diacids are deprotonated at physiological pH and thus phosphonate-containing drugs are not ideal for oral administration, an extremely desirable requisite for the treatment of chronic diseases. To overcome this limitation several prodrug struc...

Proton-exchange membrane fuel cells are an attractive green technology for energy production. However, one of their major drawbacks is instability the electrolytes under working conditions (i.e., temperature and humidity). Some metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have recently emerged as promising alternative electrolyte materials because higher stability (compared with organic polymers currently u...

Zirconium carbide nanoparticles were produced by wire explosion process by exploding zirconium conductor in methane ambiance. X-ray diffraction studies of the particles produced by wire explosion process confirm the formation of cubic zirconium carbide particles. The results of the study indicates that unreacted zirconium content in the zirconium carbide powder could be reduced by exploding the...

Phosphonates, molecules containing direct carbon-phosphorus bonds, compose a structurally diverse class of natural products with interesting and useful biological properties. Although their synthesis in protozoa was discovered more than 50 y ago, the extent and diversity of phosphonate production in nature remains poorly characterized. The rearrangement of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to phosphono...