Buprenorphine is a partial mu agonist and kappa antagonist which is used for the treatment of pain and opioid addiction. A mixture of buprenorphine hydrochloride and naloxone hydrochloride has been approved for the treatment of opioid dependence.In this study a third order derivative spectrophotometric method based on zero-crossing technique has been used for the simultaneous determination of b...

The theory of zero-crossing detection is extended to include the first and second spatial derivative of the gaussian distribution. On the premise that phase contains a considerable proportion of the information content in an unknown signal, we show that phase can be extracted from the first and second derivatives of an appropriate filter. It is shown that the spatial gradient of phase can be us...

We demonstrate a zero-crossing Shapiro step generated in a magnetically-coupled Josephson gate, where a long Josephson junction and a control line are placed in-line. The operation is based on the imbalanced evolution of the junction phases owing to the different amplitudes of the positive and negative critical current. A test circuit was fabricated using a Nb/AlOx/Nb junction technology. When ...

The correlogram is an important mid-level representation for periodic sounds which is widely used in sound source separation and pitch detection. However, it is very time consuming. In this paper, we presented a novel scheme for monaural voiced speech separation without computing correlograms. The noisy speech is firstly decomposing into time-frequency units. Pitch contour of the target speech ...

In this paper we propose an effective, robust and computationally low-cost HMM-based start-endpoint detector for speech recognisers. Our first attempts follow the classical scheme feature extractor-Viterbi classifier (used for voice activity detection), followed by a post-processing stage, but the ultimate goal we pursue is a pure HMM-based architecture capable of performing the endpointing tas...

An improved cepstrum-based voicing detection and pitch determination algorithm is presented. Voicing decisions are made using a multifeature voiced/unvoiced classification algorithm based on statistical analysis of cepstral peak, zero-crossing rate, and energy of short-time segments of the speech signal. Pitch frequency information is extracted by a modified cepstrum-based method and then caref...

An automatic algorithm for indexing dialogue scenes in multimedia content is proposed. The content is segmented into dialogue scenes using the state transitions of a hidden Markov model (HMM). Each shot is classified using both audio and visual information to determine the state/scene transitions for this model. Face detection and silence/speech/music classification are the basic tools which ar...

Line Spectrum Pair (LSP) representation of Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) parameters is widely used in speech coding applications. An efficient method for LPC to LSP conversion is Kabal’s method. In this method the LSPs are the roots of two polynomials P'p(x) and Q'p(x), and are found by a zero crossing search followed by successive bisections and interpolation. The precision of the obtained LS...

Present bottom-up audio attention computational model extracts the underlying characteristics of single channel audio such as energy, pitch, zero crossing rate etc., to calculate the audio signal attention level. In audio surveillance, sound source whose directions change rapidly should have higher attention level. But present audio computational models cannot effectively express the audio atte...

Word boundary detection in variable noise-level environments by support vector machine (SVM) using Low-band Wavelet Energy (LWE) and Zero Crossing Rate (ZCR) features is proposed in this paper. The Wavelet Energy is derived based on Wavelet transformation; it can reduce the affection of noise in a speech signal. With the inclusion of ZCR, we can robustly and effectively detect word boundary fro...