OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the factors associated with nocturnal, productive and dry cough among young adults in Nigeria. METHODS We evaluated 498 subjects, 20-44 years of age, in Ilorin, Nigeria, using the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) questionnaire, administered by trained interviewers. RESULTS Nocturnal cough was associated with asthma (OR = 1...

Although the corresponding literature contains a substantial number of studies on the relationship between psychological factors and attitude towards seeking professional psychological help, the role of some determinants remains unexplored, especially among Polish young adults. The present study investigated diversity among a large cohort of Polish university students related to attitudes towar...

Human altruistic cooperativeness, one of the most important components of our highly organized society, is along with a greatly enlarged brain relative to body size a spectacular outlier in the animal world. The "social-brain hypothesis" suggests that human brain expansion reflects an increased necessity for information processing to create social reciprocity and cooperation in our complex soci...

BACKGROUND Theory and research suggest that maladaptive perfectionism, specifically, concerns about mistakes (CM) and doubts about actions (DA), may be important etiologic and maintenance mechanisms for anxiety and its disorders. However, no studies speaking directly to the origins of the relationship, i.e. what etiologic factors underlie the phenotypic association between anxiety and maladapti...

Effects of nine social life indicators on age-adjusted and age-specific annual suicide mortality of male and female Japanese population in the years 1953-96 were investigated by multiple regression analysis on time series data. Unemployment rate was significantly related to the age-adjusted mortality in both males and females. Also, female labour force participation was positively related to th...

BACKGROUND The distinctive epidemiologic profile of suicide in China, with notably high rates among rural young adult females, invites examination of possible underlying risk factors. Although there are accumulating data regarding the epidemiology of suicide among youth and young adults in China, there are meager data on suicidal ideation and attempts despite its importance. METHODS Our study...

OBJECTIVE This study examines whether child abuse; child neglect; demographic, family and social, behavioral, economic, and neighborhood risk; and protective factors predict different drug-use patterns into middle adulthood. METHOD Using a prospective cohort design, individuals with documented cases of childhood physical and sexual abuse and neglect (processed during 1967-1971) and a matched ...

The mouthbrooding cichlid Tropheus moorii exhibits an exceptional degree of maternal investment. Females produce very large eggs, which are incubated for a period of six weeks, and they feed their young in the mouth while starving themselves. Only very few fish species are known to feed their young. We hypothesized that feeding may either (1) benefit females directly if young develop faster, or...

Animal models suggest that decreased renal endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity in old males promotes renal injury, whereas females are protected. We aimed to explore whether aging alters glomerular arginine uptake by CAT-1, the selective arginine supplier to eNOS in rats. Arginine uptake by glomeruli from young males (3 mo) was significantly higher than in young females. Old males...