We present an infrared adaptation of the Cluster Red-Sequence method. We modify the two filter technique of Gladders & Yee (2000) to identify clusters based on their R − [3.6] color. We apply the technique to the 4 degree Spitzer First Look Survey and detect 123 clusters spanning the redshift range 0.09 < z < 1.4. Our results demonstrate that the Spitzer Space Telescope will play an important r...

3 Acknowledgments 5 Dedication 7 Table of

ii Abstract (in Finnish) iiiin Finnish) iii

Effects of wall material on the channel capacity of an indoor multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system are investigated using a hybrid technique of the method of moments (MoM) and the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method with consideration of the Ricean K factor and the effective degrees of freedom (EDOF) of multiple paths. key words: MIMO, channel capacity, indoor channel, hybrid me...

In this paper, an alternating implicit block method for solving two dimensional scalar wave equation is presented. The new method consist of two stages for each time step implemented in alternating directions which are very simple in computation. To increase the speed of computation, a group of adjacent points is computed simultaneously. It is shown that the presented method increase the maximu...

This paper analyzes dielectric resonators using the FDTD method. Resonant frequencies and quality factors are calculated using Prony's method instead of the classical FFT

This paper discusses numerical analysis methods for different geometrical features that have limited interval values for typically used sensor wavelengths. Compared with existing Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) methods, the alternating direction implicit (ADI)-FDTD method reduces the number of sub-steps by a factor of two to three, which represents a 33% time savings in each single run. Th...

A novel hybrid Finite Difference Time Domain–Wavelet-Galerkin (FDTD–WG) technique is presented for the accurate representation of electromagnetic field solution in regions of fast field transitions. Its fundamental concept lies on the combination of the robust FDTD method with the Wavelet–Galerkin formulation, which in its turn can efficiently treat highly varying phenomena. The computational d...