Recently, the API X100 steel has emerged as an important pipeline material for transportation of crude oil and natural gas. At the same time, the presence of significant amounts of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in natural gas and crude oil cause pipeline materials to corrode, which affects their integrity. In this study, the effect of H2S concentration on the corrosion behavior of API X100 in 3.5% NaC...

There are three forces acting on the valve plate: the force of the escaping air Fv, the force of the steel spring Fs and the pneumatic damping force due to the pressure of the air in the dashpot Fd. Each of these forces varies with distance x. These interact with the valve mass and the pipeline dynamics to produce instability. Perturbations in the pressure travel along the pipe at the sonic vel...

This study employs potential-monitoring techniques, cyclic voltammetry tests, alternating current (AC) voltammetry methods, and surface characterization to investigate the AC corrosion of cathodically protected X80 pipeline steel. In a non-passive neutral solution at pH 7.2, a sufficiently negative potential completely protects steel at an AC current density of 100 A/m². In an alkaline solution...

A model to predict fatigue crack growth of API pipeline steels in high pressure gaseous hydrogen has been developed and is presented elsewhere. The model currently has several parameters that must be calibrated for each pipeline steel of interest. This work provides a sensitivity analysis of the model parameters in order to provide (a) insight to the underlying mathematical and mechanistic aspe...

There has been a huge expansion in the laying of pipelines for the transmission of fossil fuels over large distances and in dire environments. One particular problem associated with the steels used to fabricate the pipes is that of the anisotropy of mechanical properties, especially the toughness. This review represents an attempt to critically assess the steels and the orientation dependence o...