Adhesion strength of exterior or interior coating of steel pipes is too important. Increasing of coating adhesion on surfaces can increase the life time of coating, safety factor of transmitting line pipe and decreasing the rate of corrosion and costs. Preparation of steel pipe surfaces before doing the coating process is done by shot and grit blasting. This is a mechanical way to do it. Some e...

Conventional pipeline failure pressure assessment codes do not allow for prediction of interacting defects subjected to combined loadings. Alternatively, numerical approaches may be used; however, they are computationally expensive. In this work, an analytical equation based on finite element analysis the API 5L X52, X65, and X80 corroded pipes with a longitudinal corrosion defect loadings is p...

Toughness and the transition from ductile to brittle behavior are long-standing concerns for applications of ferritic steel such as line-pipe. Three algorithms have been developed fit a hyperbolic tangent curve any Charpy V-notch dataset estimate uncertainty (1) 85% shear appearance area temperature (2) upper shelf absorbed energy. To data (I) first algorithm relied on iterative estimation four...

Assessment of a corroded pipe is crucial to determine when it must be repaired or replaced. However, the conventional corrosion assessment codes for failure pressure predictions pipes with circumferentially aligned interacting defects are conservative (underestimations more than 40%), resulting in premature repair replacements pipelines. Alternatively, numerical approaches may used, but they ti...

Digital Voice Recorder has many uses, usually used for interviews, recording voices and songs, meeting results, can be learning. Currently, various products have been circulating different functions specifications that are created according to the needs of users. For this reason, users must observant in choosing a support their work. So, we need system provide recommendations help making decisi...