As Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) doesn’t require pre-existing infrastructure, thus every node is active in data transmission and reception. In MANET various attacks are created by unauthorized transmitter in the network, which may affects on the performance of the network. Wormhole attack is created by collaborative attackers. So confrontation is take place between discoveries and dislodges thi...

The nature of wireless ad hoc and sensor networks make them very attractive to attackers. One of the most popular and serious attacks in wireless ad hoc networks is wormhole attack and most proposed protocols to defend against this attack used positioning devices, synchronized clocks, or directional antennas. This paper analyzes the nature of wormhole attack and existing methods of defending me...

In multi hop wireless systems, such as ad hoc and sensor networks, mobile ad hoc network applications are deployed, security emerges as a central requirement. A particularly devastating attack is known as the wormhole attack, where two or more malicious colluding nodes create a higher level virtual tunnel in the network, which is employed to transport packets between the tunnel end points. Thes...

The Wormhole attack is a critical and challenging security threat for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Although launching a wormhole attack is a relatively trivial task for the attacker, detecting it from an infected WSN is a tough job, because it can be launched from a compromised legitimate node. In recent years, signal processing methods, like the short term Fourier transform (STFT) and wave...

The nature of wireless ad hoc and sensor networks make them very attractive to attackers. One of the most popular and serious attack in wireless ad hoc and sensor network is the wormhole attack. It is a particularly severe attack on routing protocols for ad hoc networks in which two or more colluding attackers record packets at one location, and tunnel them to another location for a replay at t...

A wormhole attack is one of the hardest problems to detect whereas it can be easily implanted in any type of wireless ad hoc network. A wormhole attack can easily be launched by the attacker without having knowledge of the network or compromising any legitimate nodes. Most existing solutions either require special hardware devices or make strong assumptions in order to detect wormhole attacks w...

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is an emerging technology that shows great promise for various futuristic applications both for mass public and military. These small, low-cost, low-powers, multifunctional sensor nodes can communicate in short distances. There is currently enormous research potential in the field of wireless sensor network security. The major challenge for employing any efficient ...

The wormhole attack is considered a serious threat to the security in multi-hop ad hoc networks. In wormhole attack, the attacker makes the tunnel from one end to another network, the nodes are in a different place at both ends of the tunnel believe are true neighbours and gets the conversation through the wormhole link . Unlike many other ad hoc routing attacks, worm hole attack cannot be prev...

Wireless Mesh Networking is an emerging technology in order to provide a possibility to build a network that can grow in terms of coverage to offer service access (i.e. internet access) for a large number of people with different needs. Security has become the main concern to provide safe communication between different mesh nodes. The aim of this research is to study various security mechanism...