نتایج جستجو برای: wood combustion
تعداد نتایج: 69103 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
This paper reviews current biosolids management options, and identifies incineration as a promising technology. Incineration is attractive both for volume reduction and energy recovery. Reported emissions from the incineration of biosolids were compared to various regulations to identify the challenges and future direction of biosolids incineration research. Most of the gaseous and metal emissi...
The trend towards performance-based codes for achieving acceptable fire safety creates a significant demand for improved material properties and computer fire models. The performance-based engineering analysis is very difficult to achieve for wood-based materials because of their complex physical processes for pyrolysis and combustion. To address this need the cone calorimeter (ASTM E1354) was ...
According to the recent European guide lines concerning the smart grids, the generation of electricity and heat from poultry derived wastes based on hightemperature thermal destruction techniques, i.e. combustion, could be a promising local waste management solution [1-5]. In this work we set out to investigate the technical and the economic feasibility of the combustion of poultry litter blend...
A one-dimensional, unsteady mathematical model is presented of fixed-bed countercurrent wood gasifiers, which couples heat and mass transport with wood drying and devolatilization, char gasification, and combustion of both char and gas-phase species. The model is used to simulate the structure of the reaction fronts and the gasification behavior of a laboratory-scale plant as the reactor throug...
Residential wood burning contributes to the total atmospheric aerosol burden; however, large uncertainties remain in the magnitude and characteristics of wood burning products. Primary emissions are influenced by a variety of parameters, including appliance type, burner wood load and wood type. In addition to directly emitted particles, previous laboratory studies have shown that oxidation of g...
Wood fly ash is an industrial by-product of the combustion of different wood materials and is mostly disposed of as waste on landfills. In our preliminary experiments, wood ash exhibited antibacterial activity against urban wastewater bacteria and we focused on wood fly ash as a potential substrate for wastewater disinfection. The addition of ash at a concentration of 10 g L⁻¹ (1%) caused an in...
In October, 2006, 19 scientists from eight countries met at the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in Lyon, France, to assess the carcinogenicity of household solid fuel combustion (coal and biomass) and of high-temperature frying. These assessments will be published as volume 95 of the IARC Monographs. About half of the world’s population, mostly in low-resource and mediumresou...
Rubber wood (Ficus elastica) is one the biomass waste that can be used as raw material for a gasification process and has a calorific value of 4,069 cal/gram. Gasification is a process to convert a solid fuel to syngas (CO, CH4, and H2) through a combustion process using limited air between 20% to 40% of air stoichiometry. Depending on the direction of airflow, the gasifiers are classified as u...
Emissions from residential fireplace and woodstove appliances burning fuels available from the San Francisco Bay area were sampled for polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDDs/Fs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), hexachlorobenzene (HxCBz), particulate matter (PM), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), oxygenated PAHs, and the monosaccharide levoglucosan. Emission factors for...
BACKGROUND Domestic fuel combustion from cooking and heating is an important public health issue because roughly 3 billion people are exposed worldwide. Recently, the International Agency for Research on Cancer classified indoor emissions from household coal combustion as a human carcinogen (group 1) and from biomass fuel (primarily wood) as a probable human carcinogen (group 2A). OBJECTIVES ...
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