Significant summer warming over the eastern Antarctic Peninsula in the last 50 years has been attributed to a strengthening of the circumpolar westerlies, widely believed to be anthropogenic in origin. On the western side of the peninsula, significant warming has occurred mainly in austral winter and has been attributed to the reduction of sea ice. The authors show that austral fall is the only...

15 Arctic climate has experienced major changes over the past millennia that are not fully 16 understood in terms of their controls and seasonality. Stable-data from ice wedges in 17 permafrost provide unique information on past winter climate. Recently, an ice-wedge 18 record from the Lena River Delta suggested for the first time that Siberian winter 19 temperatures increased throughout the Ho...

North American seasonal migrants, who are usually retired, typically live in recreational vehicle/mobile home park communities in the southern U. S. during the winter months. This study examines the importance of specific park characteristics in the park selection process and uses the case of winter migrants in south Texas to demonstrate how parks may use a modified approach of importanceeperfo...

Avian species diversity and territory location are often associated with sharp forest edges, or boundaries. However, our understanding of behaviours underlying avian distribution near forest boundaries, especially species with large home ranges, remains poor. In a two-year study, we measured chickadee flock movements in forests at 0–300 m from boundaries in an agricultural landscape near Edmont...

It is a fact that crops growth conditions vary greatly in the same field. Provisionally actual growth conditions are made up of many components, i.e. variation of natural conditions (climate & soil), results of effect of machinery on soil ( soil compaction) and unfavourable conditions for plant growing. In Estonia rather widely used ATV are causing remarkable damage to landscapes. All collected...

The thermal and dynamical state of the atmosphere during polar mesosphere winter echoes F.-J. Lübken, B. Strelnikov, M. Rapp, W. Singer, R. Latteck, A. Brattli, U.-P. Hoppe, and M. Friedrich Leibniz Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Kühlungsborn, Germany Norwegian Defence Research Establishment (FFI), Kjeller, Norway Institute of Communications Networks and Satellite Communications, Graz Univer...

A total of 4959 sea bass was tagged between 2000 and 2005 around the coasts of England, Wales, southern Ireland, and the Channel Isles to investigate whether movement patterns documented in 1987 have changed and to estimate the level of competition for sea bass between inshore and offshore fisheries. Most (54%) of the recaptures of adult bass (fish .40 cm) tagged inshore and made between May an...

PURPOSE Estimating wind chill index as one of the indexes effective in body comfort, specifically for athletes and tourists interested in winter sports. METHODS Meteorology data including temperature and the percentage of relative humidity of 6 synoptic stations of Chaharmahal-Bakhtiyrai province, Iran from 1990 to 2007 were extracted from Iranian Meteorology Site. In order to calculate the v...

The near infrared sky spectral brightness has been measured at the South Pole with the Near Infrared Sky Monitor (NISM) throughout the 2001 winter season. The sky is found to be typically more than an order of magnitude darker than at temperate latitude sites, consistent with previous South Pole observations. Reliable robotic operation of the NISM, a low power, autonomous instrument, has been d...

This investigation examines the dynamical processes that drive the anomalous friction torque associated with intraseasonal length-of-day fluctuations. Diagnostic analyses with National Centers for Environmental Protection– National Center for Atmospheric Research reanalysis and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration outgoing longwave radiation data are performed. The approach adopted i...