We estimate this model via maximum likelihood using our admission data. In each market, we normalize one hospital fixed effect to zero. We choose the largest hospital in each market to ensure comparability across markets. We define five diagnosis categories using ICD-9-CM codes and major diagnosis category (MDC) codes, as shown in Table A.I. The categories are cardiac, cancer, labor, digestive ...

Inmany applications, d-dimensional observations result from the random presence or absence of random signals in independent and additive white Gaussian noise. An estimate of the noise standard deviation can then be very useful to detect or to estimate these signals, especially when standard likelihood theory cannot apply because of too little prior knowledge about the signal probability distrib...

A new R package is presented for dealing with non-normality and variance heterogeneity of sample data when conducting hypothesis tests of main effects and interactions in mixed models. The proposal departs from an existing SAS program which implements Johansen’s general formulation of Welch-James’s statistic with approximate degrees of freedom, which makes it suitable for testing any linear hyp...

The aim of this study is to examine the impact executive remuneration and firms’ leverage on stability as measured by winsorized Zscore (wZscore). wZscore measure corresponds Altman Zscore, which increases default risk decreases. To test study’s hypotheses, a linear regression model applied 6-year panel dataset 180 listed firms categorized in 10 economic sectors operating 22 countries from year...

For all $a,b>0$, the following two optimal inequalities are presented: $H^{alpha}(a,b)L^{1-alpha}(a,b)geq M_{frac{1-4alpha}{3}}(a,b)$ for $alphain[frac{1}{4},1)$, and $ H^{alpha}(a,b)L^{1-alpha}(a,b)leq M_{frac{1-4alpha}{3}}(a,b)$ for $alphain(0,frac{3sqrt{5}-5}{40}]$. Here, $H(a,b)$, $L(a,b)$, and $M_p(a,b)$ denote the harmonic, logarithmic, and power means of order $p$ of two positive numbers...