The emergence of Fofonoff-like flows over a wide range of dissipative parameter regimes is explored in a wind-driven two-layer quasigeostrophic model. Two regimes are found in which Fofonoff-like circulations emerge as a direct consequence of the baroclinic nature of the system, since the wind forcing used in these experiments has been shown to inhibit the formation of Fofonoff flows in the bar...

The magnitude of power fluctuations at large offshore wind farms has a significant impact on the control and management strategies of their power output. If focusing on the minute scale, one observes successive periods with smaller and larger power fluctuations. It seems that different regimes yield different behaviours of the wind power output. This paper concentrates on the statistical modell...

Aeolian transport is an important mechanism for the transport of sand on Earth and on Mars. Dust and sand storms are common occurrences on Mars and windblown sand is responsible for many of the observed surface features, such as dune fields. A better understanding of Aeolian transport could also lead to improvements in pneumatic conveying of materials to be mined for life support on the surface...

A quasi-geostrophic intermediate complexity model is considered, providing a schematic representation of the baroclinic conversion processes which characterize the physics of the mid-latitudes atmospheric circulation. The model is relaxed towards a given latitudinal temperature profile, which acts as baroclinic forcing, controlled by a parameter TE determining the forced equator-topole temperat...

Abstract. Wind as a resource of renewable energy has obtained an important share of the energy market already. Therefore simulation and prediction of wind speeds is essential for both, for engineers and energy traders. In this paper we analyze the surface wind speed data from three prototypic locations: coastal region (Rotterdam), undulating forest landscape few 100 m above sea level(Kassel), ...

introduction shamal winds recognized as a climate regime with a common occurrence in the persian gulf makes periodically adverse weather conditions in this region. among the phenomena occurring under the influence of shamal wind, we can mention dust storms, low-level winds and turbulent marine conditions (rao, 2003). shamal winds are categorized into two types, winter shamal and summer shamal. ...

Wind regime and sand grain size are two of the factors that determine the morphology and dynamics of sand dunes in desert areas. Regarding the importance of wind effects on sand dunes especially in Iran, in this study, Khartooran Erg was analyzed to determine wind direction and to detect sand source sites. Khartooran Erg is located on eastern north of Iran and lies in Khorasan Razavi and Semnan...

Wind is the world’s fastest growing electric energy source. Because it is intermittent, though, wind is not used to supply baseload electric power today. Interconnecting wind farms through the transmission grid is a simple and effective way of reducing deliverable wind power swings caused by wind intermittency. As more farms are interconnected in an array, wind speed correlation among sites dec...

To evaluate the isotopic composition of the solar nebula from which the planets formed, the relation between isotopes measured in the solar wind and on the Sun's surface needs to be known. The Genesis Discovery mission returned independent samples of three types of solar wind produced by different solar processes that provide a check on possible isotopic variations, or fractionation, between th...