there are many reports of serious problems of dust storm events in the western parts of iran. based on many researches, iraq is one of the main sources of dust storms in western parts of iran. the radial basis function network (rbfn) model has been used to assess wind erosion hazard in iraq as a main source area of dust storms over several western cities of iran. the percentage of vegetation is...

We investigate the potential for using seasonal climate predictions marine risk assessment in Barents Sea. Marine is based on diagnostic of probability extreme conditions and their consequences to identify time regions vulnerable hazards. The information operationally provided by Det Norske Veritas (DNV) support sustainable safe activities. So far, was historical observations. Here, we implemen...

Chill-susceptible insects enter a reversible paralytic state, termed chill coma, at mild low temperatures. Chill coma is caused by neuromuscular impairment, allegedly triggered by cold-induced depolarization of muscle resting membrane potential (Vm). We used five Drosophila species that vary in cold tolerance (chill coma temperature spanning ∼11°C) and repeatedly measured muscle Vm during a dow...

Many fruit and nut trees must fulfill a chilling requirement to break their winter dormancy and resume normal growth in spring. Several models exist for quantifying winter chill, and growers and researchers often tacitly assume that the choice of model is not important and estimates of species chilling requirements are valid across growing regions. To test this assumption, Safe Winter Chill (th...

The wind’s effectiveness was compared in different points of a watershed using a quantity called The Wind Shelter Index.The wind’s effectiveness was compared in different points of a watershed using a quantity called The Wind Shelter Index. It is necessary to choose a distance called the effective distance in the process of this index determination. The criterion already used for this purpose w...

Background: The particular function of the left anterior human insula on emotional arousal has been illustrated with several case studies. Only after left hemispheric insula lesions, patients lose their pleasure in habits such as listening to joyful music. In functional magnetic resonance imaging studies (fMRI) activation in the left anterior insula has been associated with both processing of e...

Background Myocardial salvage, as determined by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), is increasingly used as an endpoint in clinical trials. In order to calculate myocardial salvage, the infarct size needs to be related to myocardium at risk (MaR). MaR has previously been assessed by both T2-weighted imaging and contrast enhanced SSFP (CESSFP). The aim of this study was to determine how T2...

When exposed to low temperatures, many insect species enter a reversible comatose state (chill coma), which is driven by a failure of neuromuscular function. Chill coma and chill coma recovery have been associated with a loss and recovery of ion homeostasis (particularly extracellular [K(+)], [K(+)]o) and accordingly onset of chill coma has been hypothesized to result from depolarization of mem...

On a few occasions during the summer and fall of 2002, and again in the fall of 2003, the Colorado State University (CSU)–University of Chicago–Illinois State Water Survey (CHILL) S-band polarimetric Doppler radar observed dumbbell-shaped radar echo patterns in precipitation-free air returns. Dumbbell shaped refers to two distinct and quasi-symmetrical regions of echo surrounding the radar. The...