A new theory model based on the local composition concept (TNRF-modified NRTL (TNRF-mNRTL) model) was developed to express the short-range contribution of the excess Gibbs energy for the solutions containing polymer and electrolyte. An equation represented the activity coefficient of solvent was derived from the proposed excess Gibbs energy equation. The short-range contribution of interaction ...

We develop population coding ideas toward a general approach to the analysis of cortical function that operationalizes the notion of cooperativity. Neural ensemble activation distributions (population representations) are constructed over a defined stimulus parameter space, in our case the 2-dimensional retinal position of the central visual field. In contrast to classical approaches using rece...

We investigate four-dimensional N=1 Type IIB orientifolds with continuous Wilson lines, and their T-dual realizations as orientifolds with moving branes. When continuous Wilson lines become discrete the gauge symmetry is enhanced and the T-dual orientifold corresponds to branes sitting at the orbifold fixed points. There is a field theoretic analog describing these phenomena as D-and F-flat def...

I. Refinements on the Hodgkin-Huxley Model The years since Hodgkin’s and Huxley’s pioneering work have produced a number of derivative Hodgkin-Huxley-like models. Recall that Hodgkin and Huxley developed their model from data measured in the giant axon of the squid. Therefore the original model only had voltagedependent channel models for a Na channel and a K channel. There are in addition to t...

One-dimensional differential equations dy/dt = f (t, y) that are periodic in t arise in many areas of applied mathematics. The attracting and repelling periodic solutions and their bifurcations are the key qualitative features that determine the observed behavior of the system being modeled. One quickly finds that the low dimensional character of the problem conceals difficulties that in practi...

Spontaneous brain activity is characterized by bursts and avalanche-like dynamics, with scale-free features typical of critical behaviour. The stochastic version the celebrated Wilson-Cowan model has been widely studied as a system spiking neurons reproducing non-trivial neural activity, from avalanche dynamics to oscillatory behaviours. However, what extent such phenomena are related presence ...