Methods Study participants were GVK EMRI EMT instructors who attended the inaugural EMT refresher training course. These participants were from nine states within India and represented mixed educational backgrounds, including doctors and EMTs. After receiving a confidential unique ID, each study participant took a 30 multiple-choice question (MCQ) pre-test and a 60 MCQ post-test before and afte...

METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted for all breast, head/neck, and lower extremity free flaps performed at a single-institution between 2005–2015. The primary endpoint, successful salvage, was defined as any flap that did not result in complete flap loss. Univariate analysis was performed using Chi-squared, Wilcoxon rank-sum, and Fisher’s exact test. Lastly, a multivariate logis...

METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted for all breast, head/neck, and lower extremity free flaps performed at a single-institution between 2005–2015. The primary endpoint, successful salvage, was defined as any flap that did not result in complete flap loss. Univariate analysis was performed using Chi-squared, Wilcoxon rank-sum, and Fisher’s exact test. Lastly, a multivariate logis...

Aims / Objectives: To introduce a statistical test, which is mixture of the one-sample t-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test depends on sample kurtosis, using data from symmetric univariate distribution with finite variance.
 Study Approach: Computer simulation coverage probabilities power calculations either or based software R.
 Methodology: Data are generated differing sizes Normal,...

For group-randomized trials, randomization inference based on rank statistics provides robust, exact inference against nonnormal distributions. However, in a matched-pair design, the currently available rank-based statistics lose significant power compared to normal linear mixed model (LMM) test statistics when the LMM is true. In this article, we investigate and develop an optimal test statist...

BACKGROUND The authors evaluated the efficacy of an erbium,chromium: yttrium,scandium,gallium,garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser-powered hydrokinetic system (HKS) versus that of rotary instrumentation for root canal débridement. METHODS The authors studied four uninstrumented controls and two test groups of 18 matched pairs of teeth. Teeth from each pair underwent different instrumentation but receive...

Ridit analysis has been used by a variety of investigators (e.g., 1-5) and has appeared in a t least one textbook (6). Bross (7) introduced the technique of ridit analysis and Kantor et a1 (8) showed the relationship between the average ridit value and a quantile rank. The purpose of this article is to elaborate on the remark made by Bross (7) that "[ridit analysis is] closely related to distri...