introduction drought is a climatic hazard that occurs in the vast areas throughout the world. it causes physical suffering, economic losses, and environmental instability. drought is a slowly developing very which is phenomenon, and it is very difficult to determine when a dry spell becomes a drought or when a severe drought becomes an exceptional drought. it is usually starting with less drama...

Frequency and severity of droughts were projected to increase in many regions. However, their effects of temporal dynamics on the terrestrial carbon cycle remain uncertain, and hence deserve further investigation. In this paper, the droughts that occurred in China during 2001-2010 were identified by using the standardized precipitation index (SPI). Standardized anomaly index (SAI), which has be...

Floristics of Vittadinia triloba communities in Central Otago and the upper Waitaki valley and Rumex acetosella communities in the upper Waitaki, are compared with each other and with similar communities elsewhere in the South Island. Many species are common to all semi-arid areas, but each area has as its own special features, either the presence of a particular species or the greater abundanc...

climatological parameters are among the most important ecological capability evaluation criterias, on other hand, climate changes which has intensified in the past decades and has the consequences such as; increases in climatic threshold phenomena like occurrence of horrific floodings, destructive hurricanes, abnormal and sudden colds and heats, untimely rainfalls and heavy snows, widespread dr...

The 1998-2002 droughts spanning the United States, southern Europe, and Southwest Asia were linked through a common oceanic influence. Cold sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the eastern tropical Pacific and warm SSTs in the western tropical Pacific and Indian oceans were remarkably persistent during this period. Climate models show that the climate signals forced separately by these regions ac...