We examine a corpus of reflective tutorial dialogues between human tutor and student after the student completed introductory physics problems, to predict when the tutor abstracted from the student’s preceding turn or when the tutor specialized from the student’s preceding turn. Tutor abstraction occurs when the tutor repeats a segment of the student’s turn using more general terms. Tutor speci...

Most people are aware that regular alcohol drinkers can become tolerant to the effects of alcohol. Tolerance can lessen the outward manifestations of intoxication, and this poses challenges for the drinker and other observers, including law enforcement officers. On the basis of a National Institutes of Health-funded longitudinal study examining a cohort of convicted alcohol-impaired drivers, th...

She was quiet awhile and then said, Many a night when I was little, alone in that cabin, I wished I could take that fiddle of his up to the jump-off and pitch it and let the wind fly it away. In my mind I'd just watch it go till it was just a speck , and then I'd think about the sweet sound it would make breaking to pieces on the river rocks way down below. from Cold Mountain, by Charles Frazier.1

For many years, the only way to attain an education in software engineering has been through the school of hard knocks. A common lament among experienced software developers is that colleges don’t teach students the skills they need to perform effectively on the job. What is needed to give software developers a better start? Formal professional education has traditionally been divided into thre...