Asphalt pavement surfaces contribute significantly to the urban heat island effect. Their relatively high temperature, caused by absorption of solar energy, results in emission of heat to the surrounding air, leading to a rise in its temperature, deterioration of its quality, and an increase in energy consumption of the surrounding buildings. The proposed concept is that the heat from the pavem...

Satellite observations suggest that the thermal radiation emitted by Earth to space increased by more than 5 watts per square meter, while reflected sunlight decreased by less than 2 watts per square meter, in the tropics over the period 1985-2000, with most of the increase occurring after 1990. By analyzing temporal changes in the frequency of occurrence of emitted thermal and reflected solar ...

Fidel Vega Núria Lupón Jesús Armengol Cebrian Ferran Laguarta Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Departament d’ Òptica I Optometria C/Violinista Vellsolà 37 08222 Terrassa, Spain E-mail: [email protected] Abstract. Rapid generation of large area polished optical surfaces by high-power CO2 laser irradiation is shown. Results focus on glasses with high expansion coefficients (a>1025/°C) conventio...

In the CDX-U spherical torus, agreement between radiation temperature and Thomson scattering electron temperature profiles indicates approximately 100% conversion of thermally emitted electron Bernstein waves to the X mode. This has been achieved by controlling the electron density scale length (L(n)) in the conversion region with a local limiter outside the last closed flux surface, shortening...

LWP can be retrieved from the microwave signature emitted by cloud droplets. Microwave retrievals of cloud LWP are not applicable over land because of the strong and highly variable microwave emission of the land surface. The emission from ocean surfaces is relatively weak and less variable so cloud LWP can be estimated from satellite observed microwave radiances. However, the accuracy is signi...

The electron spin polarization (ESP) at surfaces of bulk and thin film ferromagnetic materials has been investigated using electron capture spectroscopy (ECS), which probes the ESP of the topmost surface layer. At surfaces of PtMnSb, Tb and Fe,,B,,, we find nonhero ESP due to long-ranged or short-ranged ferromagnetic order. The sign of the ESP at surfaces of the Heusler alloy PtMnSb is in agree...

The paper describes the infrared (IR) thermal measurement facility at De Montfort University and the use of the facility to make IR temperature measurements on RF devices. Some of the limitations with conventional IR measurements will be described; including effects related to the low emissivity and optical transparency of materials. A novel method for improving the accuracy of IR temperature m...