The relative importance of overweight after childhood and excess weight gain during adulthood remains unclear. In 39,909 male participants of the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study who were 40–75 years of age in 1986 and were followed until 2008, we documented 8,755 incident cases of obesity-related chronic diseases (type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and colorectal, renal, pa...

We examined the effects of a 10-14-weeks inpatient lifestyle modification program, including minimum 90 min of physical activity (PA) five days/week, on body composition, CVD risk factors, and eating behavior in 139 obese subjects (BMI 42.6 ± 5.2 kg/m²). Completion rate was 71% (n = 71) in the intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) group and 85% (n = 33) among waiting list controls. Compared to...

OBJECTIVES We conducted a randomized trial among overweight long-distance drivers to study the effects of structured lifestyle counseling on body weight and cardiometabolic risk factors. METHODS Men with waist circumference >100 cm were randomized into a lifestyle counseling (LIFE, N=55) and a reference (REF, N=58) group. The LIFE group participated in monthly counseling on nutrition, physica...

Increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity motivated this prospective examination of gestational diabetes mellitus in relation to self-reported adult height, weight, and weight fluctuation. Gestational diabetes was assessed by use of medical records in 1,644 women enrolled in Seattle and Tacoma, Washington, between 1996 and 2002. After adjustment, risk was inversely related to height and d...

BACKGROUND The effectiveness of commercial weight-loss programs consisting of very-low-calorie diets (VLCDs) and low-calorie diets (LCDs) is unclear. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to quantify weight loss and dropout during a commercial weight-loss program in Sweden (Itrim; cost: $1300/€1000; all participants paid their own fee). DESIGN This observational cohort study linked commercial ...

BACKGROUND Preventing weight gain rather than treating established obesity is an important economic and public health response to the rapidly increasing rates of obesity worldwide. Treatment of established obesity is complex and costly requiring multiple resources. Preventing weight gain potentially requires fewer resources to reach broad population groups, yet there is little evidence for succ...

OBJECTIVE To examine the influence of health behaviours and psychological well-being on gestational weight gain using a biopsychosocial model. DESIGN A prospective cohort study of pregnant women consecutively recruited at their first antenatal care visit. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on health behaviours and psychological well-being in early pregnancy. Linear reg...

Importance Effective long-term treatments are needed to address the obesity epidemic. Numerous wearable technologies specific to physical activity and diet are available, but it is unclear if these are effective at improving weight loss. Objective To test the hypothesis that, compared with a standard behavioral weight loss intervention (standard intervention), a technology-enhanced weight los...

Risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) among the Honolulu Heart Program participants was examined in relation to body mass index (BMI) at age 25 and two subsequent periods of weight change: age 25 to examination I (1965-1968) and examination I to examination III (1971-1974). During a maximum follow-up period of 17 years after examination III, there were 479 incident cases of CHD among the study s...

OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of infant feeding practices on postpartum weight change among HIV-infected and -uninfected women in South Africa. METHODS In a non-randomised intervention cohort study of antiretroviral therapy-naïve women in South Africa, infants were classified as exclusive (EBF), mixed (MF) or non-breastfed (NBF) at each visit. We analysed infant feeding cumulatively from ...