Cuticular wax, the first protective layer of above ground tissues of many plant species, is a key evolutionary innovation in plants. Cuticular wax safeguards the evolution from certain green algae to flowering plants and the diversification of plant taxa during the eras of dry and adverse terrestrial living conditions and global climate changes. Cuticular wax plays significant roles in plant ab...

Hydroprocessing has become the main technology for the production of API Group II and III base oils. One of the key properties is viscosity index for Group II and III base oils. The effect of wax content in hydrocracker unconverted oil on viscosity index and yield was studied in a 400 kton/year hydroisomerization dewaxing plant at a total pressure of 15 MPa, a feed rate of 38 ton/hour, and a ga...

Thermal expansion and hot deformation are two phenomena causing dimensional errors in investment casting. This error occurs in dimensions between the die and wax pattern. Therefore, the wax's thermo-physical and thermo-mechanical properties, the metal die features, and the process parameters affect the dimensions of the wax pattern. Some important effective process parameters are the injection ...

In the last 10 years, there have been a number of studies in modeling of the deposition processes in flowlines. Most of these models: (1) assume empirical or semi-empirical correlations to predict the pressure drop and temperature profile, (2) ignore the radial convection flow in the layer composed of the two-phase wax and oil (that is the gel layer), and (3) use Fick’s law to describe the diff...

OBJECTIVES To investigate the influence of different temperatures on the compressive strength of glass ionomer cement (GIC) modified by the addition of silica-coated wax capsules; Material and Methods: Commercially-available GIC was modified by adding 10% silica-coated wax capsules. Test blocks were fabricated from pure cement (control) and modified cement (test), and stored in distilled water ...

Wax deposition phenomenon changes the rheological behavior of waxy crude oil completely. In the current work, the rheological time-dependent and time-independent behaviors of waxy crude oil samples are studied and flow curve and compliance function are measured for the oil samples with various wax contents at different temperatures. A decrease in temperature and an increase in wax content lead ...

BACKGROUND Encapsulated follicular tumours with equivocal papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) type nuclear features continue to remain a challenge despite the recent attempts to classify these borderline lesions. The term 'well differentiated tumour of uncertain malignant potential (WDT-UMP)' was introduced to classify these tumours. The present study aimed to evaluate the role of a cell cycle re...

investment casting is a versatile manufacturing process to produce high quality parts with high dimensional accuracy. the process begins with the manufacture of wax patterns. the dimensional accuracy of the model affects the quality of the finished part. the present study investigated the control and optimization of dimensional deviations in wax patterns. a mold for an h-shaped wax pattern was ...

Purpose: To compare intraocular pressure (IOP) using the simplified daily tensional curve (SDTC) between supine and sitting positions in terms of peak levels and amount of fluctuation in both, glaucomatous and healthy subjects. The secondary endpoint was the comparison of these measures with those derived from the water drinking test (WDT). Methods: Thirty patients with primary open-angle glauc...