Since passage of the Clean Water Act, federal, state, and local governments together with the private sector have spent billions of dollars attempting to meet the act’s goals of restoring and maintaining the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the nation’s waters. While great progress has been made, especially with respect to reducing traditional point sources of pollution, we are f...

This paper describes a new computing paradigm known as a problem solving environment ~PSE!, explores the role this new paradigm might play in watershed management and land use change analysis, and compares PSEs to similar technologies such as decision support systems and geographic information systems. A prototypical watershed management PSE organizes and unifies the diverse collection of softw...

Abstract. The present research aims to identify and analysis the effectiveness of rangeland management cooperatives in Gonbad city. The study was conducted in 2015. The research was performed in descriptive manner as survey method. The subjects (participants) included all members of rangeland management cooperative in Gonbad city. The sample size was determined by Cochran (n=200). For sampling ...

In a split sample design, we examine the impact of federal funding availability on Willingness to Pay (WTP) for watershed management program attributes and tradeoffs in a choice experiment. We also evaluate how presenting respondents with different sets of choice attributes, in alternative survey designs, affects the estimation of preference functions. We also compared preferences for watershed...

[1] Watershed-scale water quality models involve substantial uncertainty in model output because of sparse water quality observations and other sources of uncertainty. Assessing the uncertainty is very important for those who use the models to support management decision making. Systematic uncertainty analysis for these models has rarely been done and remains a major challenge. This study aimed...

Hydrological and pollutant fate models have long been developed for research purposes. Today, they find an application in integrated watershed management, as decision support systems (DSS). GIBSI is such a DSS designed to assist stakeholders in watershed management. It includes a watershed database coupled to a GIS and accessible through a user-friendly interface, as well as modelling tools tha...

nowadays, watershed management practices are undertaken based on selective criteria and/or a specific purpose such as a decrease in flood risk, soil erosion and the like. in this respect,fuzzy logic has the ability to manage a wide range of options for decision making. this researchaimed to use the fuzzy logic theory to priorities watershed management practices consideringtime and budget constr...

An Arizona case study consisting of 6 alternative schemes is evaluated with respect to 15 noncommensurable, discrete criteria, using two types of (MCDM) techniques, namely the outranking types of ELECTRE I and II, and the distance-based type of compromise programming (CP). The result is a complete preference ordering of the nondominated alternatives in the cases of ELECTRE II and CP and a parti...