OBJECTIVE There has been a rapid increase in the use of waterpipe tobacco and non-tobacco based shisha in many countries. Understanding the impact and effects of second-hand smoke (SHS) from cigarette was a crucial factor in reducing cigarette use, leading to clean indoor air laws and smoking bans. This article reviews what is known about the effects of SHS exposure from waterpipes. DATA SOUR...

A nonrandom sampIe of 2972 Kuwaitis answered a questionnaire about smoking behaviour and beliefs. More than one-third (35%) were nonsmokers, 45% smoked only the waterpipe, 12% only cigarettes and 8% both waterpipe and cigarettes. Compared with cigarette smokers, waterpipe smokers were more likely to be female and to be unskilled manual workers than professionals or students. Waterpipe smokers s...

INTRODUCTION Despite cigarette-like adverse health outcomes associated with waterpipe tobacco smoking and increase in its use among youth, it is a much underexplored research area. We aimed to measure the prevalence and patterns of waterpipe tobacco use and evaluate tobacco control policy with respect to waterpipe tobacco, in several universities across the UK. We also aimed to measure stop smo...

Carbon monoxide poisoning has been reported as a result of exposure to various sources of smoke, such as car exhaust fumes, home water heaters and tobacco smoke. We describe a case of symptomatic, moderately severe carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning in a young Mediterranean man after smoking a waterpipe, or shisha. This case highlights the importance of considering carbon monoxide exposure in patie...

conclusions our findings clearly indicate a synergistic effect of waterpipe smoke, immobilization and darkness stress on serum ck levels, whereas serum alp levels of experimental groups have shown no significant synergism for the mentioned factors. results the results indicated enhanced serum ck and alp levels in all groups compared with control (p < 0.05). also, there was a significant differe...

Background: Various studies indicate that life style may influence serum enzyme levels. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of waterpipe smoking, immobilization and darkness stress on serum creatine kinase (CK) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels in female rats. Materials and Methods: Female Wistar rats were divided into control, waterpipe smoking, immobilized, under...

The growing trend of waterpipe smoking worldwide is supporting the need to investigate the health effects of this form of tobacco use. While a number of studies have begun bridging the knowledge gap, few have attempted to quantify the concentration of toxic and essential metals smokers are exposed to. This study aims to determine the amount of Bi, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb and V smokers ar...