This paper outlines the basic installation and operation of magnetic inductive flow velocity sensors on large underground cooling water pipelines. Research on the effects of cathodic protection as well as into other factors that might influence the overall performance of the meter is presented in this paper. The experiments were carried out on an immersion type magnetic meter specially used for...

Some landslides move imperceptibly downslope, whereas others accelerate catastrophically. Experimental landslides triggered by rising pore water pressure moved at sharply contrasting rates due to small differences in initial porosity. Wet sandy soil with porosity of about 0.5 contracted during slope failure, partially liquefied, and accelerated within 1 second to speeds over 1 meter per second....

This paper aimed to evaluate Water Use Efficiency (WUE) indices for crops and horticulture productions. In doing so, after gathering data from 164 farmers, we investigated water withdrawal cost indices and monetary return per cubic meter of water through two econometric and managerial approaches . Besides, water shadow pricesand dry matters of per cub meter of water were calculated. The results...

[1] Magnitudes of terrestrial (fresh) and marine (saline) sources of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) are estimated for a transect across Indian River Lagoon, Florida. Two independent techniques (seepage meters and pore water Cl concentrations) show terrestrial SGD decreases linearly to around 22 m offshore, and these techniques, together with a model based on the width of the outflow face...

Objective: In children, excessive ingestion of fluoride from different sources including bottled drinking water and flavoured beverages or soft drinks can lead to the development of dental fluorosis. In addition, the pH level of beverages is important. Low pH can cause dental erosion. In this study we explore the fluoride content and pH level of certain popular beverages available in Malaysian ...

Automatic Meter Reading (AMR) systems are being deployed in many cities to obtain insight into the status and the behavior of District Metering Area (DMA) with more granularity. Until now, the water consumption readings of the population were taken one per month or one each two-months. In contrast, AMR systems provide hourly readings for households and more frequent readings for big consumers. ...

The local water supply corporation in Indonesia only uses analog meter so that the monitoring of usage information was conducted by officers manually. Officers must physically monitor value customer's can lead to unreliable reading and ineffectiveness process. Smart is one smart city metrics which could overcome this problem. This research flow sensor design incorporate automated meters. measur...

Abstract Supply interruptions are a common occurrence in water systems and particularly prevalent developing countries. During the system filling, air that entered into pipes when supply was closed is expelled through any fissures including service pipes. When meter installed, airflow can cause inaccuracies, over-reading, reliability issues. This paper investigates experimentally impact of on p...