13 Cellulase production in cultures of Acremonium cellulolyticus was significantly 14 improved by using waste milk pack (MP) that had been pretreated with cellulase. When 15 MP cellulose pretreated with cellulase (3 FPU/g MP) for 12 h was used as the sole 16 carbon source for A. cellulolyticus culture in a 3-L fermentor, the cellulase activity was 17 16 FPU/ml. This was 25-fold higher (0.67 FPU...

The objectives of this study were to characterize development of bacterial and archaeal populations during biodegradation of municipal solid waste (MSW) and to link specific methanogens to methane generation. Experiments were conducted in three 0.61-m-diameter by 0.90-m-tall laboratory reactors to simulate MSW bioreactor landfills. Pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA genes was used to characterize micro...

A test substance with characteristics and properties similar to those of cellulose· based solid waste products is needed to calibrate calorimeters and combustors which will be routinely burning these materials to determine their calorific values precisely for use in commerce. Microcrystalline cellulose was found to be a good calibrant for this purpose. The enthalpy of combustion of microcrystal...

Modern approach to utilization of non-edible biomass is its conversion to glucose, and the following fermentation of the sugar into final bioproducts. Among various biomass types, the waste of office paper is distinguished by increased content of cellulose and negligible content of lignin; therefore it can be a suitable feedstock for bioconversion into valuable bioproduct, e.g. ethanol. An adva...

Samples from several conventional, bioreactor and leachate recycle landfills were collected to evaluatethe degradation rate and degradation pattern of lignocelluloses (cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin),and the relationship between the lignocelluloses and biochemical me thane potential (BMP) and volatilesolid (VS). It was found that degradation of VS and cellulose in bioreactor ...

Clones of the WWE1 (Waste Water of Evry 1) candidate division were retrieved during the exploration of the bacterial diversity of an anaerobic mesophilic (35 ± 0.5°C) digester. In order to investigate the metabolic function of WWE1 members, a 16S rRNA gene -based stable isotope probing (SIP) method was used. Eighty-seven percent of 16S r rRNA gene sequences affiliated to WWE1 candidate division...

Solid-supported catalysts enable the replacement of solutionbased catalytic chemical processes leading to facile separation of products from the reaction medium, fewer byproducts, lower energy consumption, and less environmental pollution. Recently, this catalytic method has received a lot of attention provided that it could apply to enhance the conversion of a variety of biopolymers into fuels...

12 Anthropogenic hyper-alkaline sites provide an environment that is analogous to 13 proposed cementitious geological disposal facilities (GDF) for radioactive waste. Under 14 anoxic, alkaline conditions cellulosic wastes will hydrolyse to a range of cellulose 15 degradation products (CDP) dominated by isosaccharinic acids (ISA). In order to investigate 16 the potential for microbial activity i...

The cellulosic fabrics cotton, rayon, and Tencel® are commonly used in the textile industry (Kroschwitz, 1990). The chemical composition of the fabrics is similar, but they differ in the arrangement of the cellulose polymers in the fabrics (Collier and Tortora, 2001). The basic polymer for all cellulosic fibers consists of repeating glucose units. For the cotton fabric, the cellulosic polymers ...