The Donath-Landsteiner reaction was studied using low and high titer antisera and purified antibody, normal and PNH erythrocytes, and human serum complement. The requirement for complement in both the cold and warm phases of the reaction depended upon the level of antibody used and the sensitivity of the cells to hemolytic antibodies. Complement was not necessary in the cold phase using PNH cel...

The transition from seed dormancy to germination is triggered by environmental factors, and in pomegranate (Punica granatum) seeds higher germination percentages are achieved by warm + cold stratification rather than by cold stratification alone. Our objective was to define the pattern of internal oxidative changes in pomegranate seeds as dormancy was being broken by warm + cold stratification ...

an agroecological zones (aez) map is an essential tool for agricultural planning. by integrating the key components of the agricultural environments, it offers a bird's-eye view of internal diversity, agricultural potential and constraints that decision-makers find easier to understand than a pile of single-theme maps. in this study, aez map of the karkheh river basin has been prepared usi...

in urban areas the world over the past several decades was associated with an exponential growth of population, which led to widespread changes in land use urban and land cover. therefore, in this study, the daily temperature data from 1951 to 2010 at the synoptic station shiraz 60-year period were reviewed. then the average daily temperature average was five days into quintile. results of clus...

investigations in recent decades have shown an unexpected increase in aerosol concentrations in metropolitan and industrialized regions. it was sometimes followed by heat islands and probably decreases in precipitation due to an inadvertent cloud overseeding process. particle pollutants act like small cloud condensation nuclei in which they form large collections of small droplets in cloud. col...

Does it matter in what order the four irrigations are conducted in the caloric test? It has been suggested that warm water (44 degrees C) elicits stronger reactions than does cold water (30 degrees C), which might be explained simply by slight differences in water temperatures. However, if it can be shown that starting with cold water diminishes the difference between the warm and cold irrigati...