Invisible war wounds have garnered more attention since the Vietnam War. One recent development in this area of study is the concept of moral injury, which was introduced in 2009. Moral injury is as a shame-based reaction in response to a moral transgression, which was perpetrated or witnessed by an individual who had personal agency (or at least the perception of agency) in the outcome of the ...

background long-term clinical symptoms and functional status of above-knee amputees are not well documented. this study documents the long-term outcomes of war related above-knee amputations. objective to study the long-term outcomes of unilateral above-knee amputation. materials and methods the study consisted of a comprehensive assessment, examination, and review of history and wartime medica...

An 86-year-old World War I veteran developed an angiosarcoma at the site of a war wound. The tumour developed in relation to one of several metal grenade fragments. The tumour cells have been shown to contain blood coagulation factor VIII antigen and have features of endothelial cells on electron microscopy. The patient is claimed to be the last soldier dying of wounds sustained during that war...

post-traumatic stress disorder (ptsd) may develop after a terrifying event involving physical injury or the threat of physical harm in war. eight years of war after iraq attacked iran (between 1980-1988) caused thousands of ptsd among iranian soldiers as well as civilians. many of those people are suffering several decades from this form of anxiety most now a complicated form of complex ptsd. y...

post-traumatic epileptic seizure is a common complication of brain trauma including military injuries. we present clinical characteristics and correlates of post-traumatic epilepsy in 163 head-injured veterans suffering from intractable epilepsy due to blunt or penetrating head injuries sustained during the iraq-iran war. the medical records of 163 war veterans who were admitted by the epilepsy...

background in recent decades, the incidence of spinal cord injuries has increased. in a systemic review on epidemiology of traumatic spinal cord injury in developing countries reported 25.5/million cases per year. objectives to assess the quality of life (qol) of the veterans among iran-iraq war with chronic spinal cord injuries (sci) and to evaluate long-term impressions of sci on their qualit...

BACKGROUND Despite their frequency, there are limited reports concerning long-term follow up of upper limb amputation among battle-injured patients, which occurred at a young age. The purpose of this study was to evaluate how well these patients function years after their injury. METHODS The study consisted of a thorough assessment and examination and review of the history and war time medica...

O pen eye injuries in war have been occurring in ever-increasing numbers. After serving in Pleiku, Vietnam, for the 71st Evacuation Hospital, a concerned ophthalmologist, Albert Hornblass, MD, compared eye injury rates in American and other military conflicts. He noted that during the American Civil War, eye injuries were 0.5% of all casualties, but in the Vietnam War, eye injuries occurred at ...

Medical data from 120 U.S. Marine Corps trauma admissions to second-echelon facilities during Operation Desert Shield/Storm were examined. Sixty-five percent of the admissions occurred between February 22 and February 28, the time frame corresponding to the ground war and the preliminary mobilization period. Penetrating wounds were the most prevalent types of injury, followed by lacerations, op...