0140-3664/$ see front matter 2009 Elsevier B.V. A doi:10.1016/j.comcom.2009.10.006 * Corresponding author. E-mail addresses: [email protected] (Y. Zhang) [email protected] (W. Lu), [email protected] (L. Duan), s In this paper, we propose a novel supernode caching scheme to reduce IP lookup latencies and energy consumption in network processors. In stead of using an expensive TCAM based scheme, we imp...

Warmer SST and more rain in the Northern Hemisphere are observed year-round in the tropical eastern Pacific with southerly wind crossing the equator toward the atmospheric heating. The southerlies are minimal during boreal spring, when two precipitation maxima straddle the equator. Fourteen atmosphere– ocean coupled GCMs from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP3) and one coupled reg...

The 6-yr (1998–2003) rainfall products from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) are used to quantify the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) in the eastern Pacific (defined by longitudinal averages over 90°–130°W) during boreal spring (March–April). The double-ITCZ phenomenon, represented by the occurrence of two maxima with respect to latitude in monthly mean rainfall, is observed...

Recent observations from a satellite-based, microwave SST sensor reveal daily to weekly variation in SST (up to 3 C), which had not been seen with infrared composite measurements. During the winter, Dr. Brian Ward was in the Indian Sea on the French vessel R/V Suroît as part of the CIRENE program. He is using the Air-Sea Interaction Pro-fi ler (ASIP) which he recently designed and constructed. ...

Somatostatin is known to modulate mesangial and tubular cell function and growth, but the somatostatin receptor (sst) subtypes responsible for these effects have not been defined. There are at least five different sst receptor subtypes (sst(1)-sst(5)). We used RT-PCR to demonstrate that normal human kidney consistently expresses mRNA for sst(1) and sst(2) (9 of 9 donors). Some donors expressed ...

FEBRUARY 2002 AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY | L indzen et al. (2001, hereafter LCH) present observational analysis suggesting that the area coverage of anvil clouds associated with tropical convection is less extensive when sea surface temperatures (SSTs) are higher. This conclusion is based on a negative correlation between the fractional area coverage by high clouds and the average SST unde...

Somatostatin (SRIF)-14 is recognized as an important mediator between the nervous and the immune system, although the functional role of its receptors (sst(1)-sst(5)) is poorly understood in humans. In our study, we demonstrate that human macrophages, differentiated from PBMC-derived monocytes, express sst(1) and sst(2) mRNAs. sst(1) and sst(2) are mostly localized at the cell surface and displ...

Five somatostatin receptor (sst) subtype genes, sst(1), sst(2), sst(3), sst(4) and sst(5), have been cloned and characterised. The five sst subtypes all bind natural somatostatin-14 and somatostatin-28 with high affinity. Endocrine pancreatic and endocrine digestive tract tumours also express multiple sst subtypes, but sst(2) predominance is generally found. However, there is considerable varia...

Corticosterone and total ghrelin levels are increased in somatostatin (SST) knockout mice (Sst-/-) compared with SST-intact controls (Sst+/+). Because exogenous ghrelin can increase glucocorticoids, the question arises whether elevated levels of ghrelin contribute to elevated corticosterone levels in Sst-/- mice. We report that Sst-/- mice had elevated mRNA levels for pituitary proopiomelanocor...

In HadGEM2-A, AMIP experiments forced with observed sea surface temperatures respond to uniform and patterned ?4 K SST perturbations with strong positive cloud feedbacks in the subtropical stratocumulus/trade cumulus transition regions. Over the subtropical Northeast Pacific at 137 W/26 N, the boundary layer cloud fraction reduces considerably in the AMIP ?4 K patterned SST experiment. The near...