The potential of moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) time-series in monitoring crop condition was examined in the Weishan Irrigation Zone along a downstream reach of the Yellow River, China. First, MODIS-derived spectral indices, including the normalized difference water index (NDWI) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), were employed to retrieve the crop physiolo...

Dorsal root afferent depolarization and antidromic firing were studied in isolated spinal cords of neonatal rats. Spontaneous firing accompanied by occasional bursts could be recorded from most dorsal roots in the majority of the cords. The afferent bursts were enhanced after elevation of the extracellular potassium concentration ([K+]e) by 1-2 mM. More substantial afferent bursts were produced...

The retrieval of crop growth status using Global Navigation Satellite System Interferometric Reflectometry (GNSS-IR) has become a major area interest within the field vegetation remote sensing in recent years. Using only single GNSS antenna, it is difficult to determine and soil water content (SWC) vegetation-covered regions due plenty multi-path signals. Based on empirical mode decomposition s...

The use of soil moisture sensors is a practice applied to improve irrigation water management. ECH2O-5TE are increasingly being used estimate the volumetric content (VWC). In view importance efficient these devices, six main factors affecting accuracy sensor measurements were studied: levels, salinity, temperature, organic matter, texture, and bulk density. study showed that electrical conducti...

Abstract. Microwave observations are sensitive to vegetation water content (VWC). Consequently, the increasing temporal and spatial resolution of spaceborne microwave creates a unique opportunity study dynamics its role in diurnal cycle. However, we currently have limited understanding sub-daily variations VWC how they affect observations. This is partly due challenges associated with measuring...

In this paper, we implemented the in-situ observation of surface soil moisture (SSM), vegetation water content (VWC), and microwave brightness temperatures. By analyzing this in-situ observation dataset and the numerical simulation, we investigated the source of the uncertainty of the current algorithms for Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for Earth observation system (AMSR-E) and AMSR2 t...

A time-series algorithm is proposed to retrieve surface (from surface down to 1 m depth) soil moisture using the simulated radar data. The time-series approach uses co-polarized (V V and HH) backscattering coefficient (σ) values. Temporal averaging is applied to reduce the radar measurement noise. To the extent that the surface roughness does not change within the time-series window, the reduct...

• Surface Canopy Water (SCW) affects radar backscatter, cross ratio and RVI. SCW the relations between L-band observables crop biophysical variables. has a confounding influence on VOD estimation. Overpass time daily patterns in affect retrieval of parameters. The presence surface water canopy backscatter. However, its relationship backscatter parameters not been investigated. aim this study wa...

Full accounting of ecosystem carbon (C) pools and fluxes in coastal plain ecosystems remains less studied compared with upland systems, even though the C stocks in these systems may be up to an order of magnitude higher, making them a potentially important component in regional C cycle. Here, we report C pools and CO2 exchange rates during three hydrologically contrasting years (i.e. 2005–2007)...

Abstract Purpose Soil microorganisms play an indispensable role in the material and energy cycle of grassland ecosystems. The abundance these organisms vary according to environmental factors, such as time year soil depth. There have been few studies on transformation microbial communities degraded typical steppe temporal spatial changes. In this study, we analyze community structure diversity ...