We thank the editorial staff and Dr. Ghosh-Dastidar and colleagues for their commentary on our manuscript “Relationship of Cognitive Measures and Gray and White Matter In Alzheimer’s Disease” [1]. Dr. GhoshDastidar and colleagues have provided an overview of voxel-based morphometry methodology as well as the strengths and limitations of utilizing this technique in investigating MRI features don...

STUDY OBJECTIVES Recent studies suggest that narcolepsy is caused by degeneration of hypocretin (orexin) producing neurons. To find evidence for this hypothesis, we aimed to detect structural changes in the hypothalamus and/or hypocretin projection areas of patients with narcolepsy. DESIGN We used voxel-based morphometry (VBM), an unbiased MRI morphometric method with a high sensitivity for s...

BACKGROUND Difficulties with the regulation of negative affect have been extensively studied in neuroimaging research. However, dysregulation of a specific emotion, disgust, has hardly been investigated. In the present study, we used voxel-based morphometry to identify whether gray matter volume (GMV) of frontal regions is correlated with personality traits associated with general and disgust-s...

In this paper we address the assumptions about the distribution of errors made by voxel-based morphometry. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) uses the general linear model to construct parametric statistical tests. In order for these statistics to be valid, a small number of assumptions must hold. A key assumption is that the model's error terms are normally distributed. This is usually ensured thro...

This article has been written in response to Dr. Fred L. Bookstein's article entitled '"Voxel-Based Morphometry" Should Not Be Used with Imperfectly Registered Images' in this issue of NeuroImage. We will address three main issues: (i) Dr. Bookstein appears to have misunderstood the objective of voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and the nature of the continuum we referred to. (ii) We agree with him...

Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) is a powerful tool for analyzing changes in gray or white matter density of the brain. By using an automated segmentation procedure and standardized parametric statistics it avoids biases inherent in operator-dependent morphological operations (J. Ashburner and K. J. Friston, 2000, NeuroImage 11, 805-821). Since its introduction in 1995, VBM has been used to examin...

(1)Mutimodal Neuroimaging Training Program, (2)Fundació ACE, Spain, (3)Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Korea , (4) Department of Pathology, (5) Department of Radiology, (6) Department of Psychiatry (7) Department of Psychology, (8) Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine (9) Machine Learning, Carnegie Mellon University, (10) Intel, Pittsburgh, PA, U...