objectives the aim of the present study was to assess and compare the efficiency of lidocaine 0.4% and 2% in reducing the incidence and severity of propofol injection pain. background propofol is one of common anesthetic drugs used in anesthesia. the most common side effects of propofol are local pain. pretreatment with lidocaine can reduce propofol injection pain. patients and methods this was...

conclusions the volume of the injected anesthetic accelerated the onset of sensory and motor block without affecting the rate of success in our patients. results the onset of sensory and motor block was significantly shorter in the 1.3% lidocaine group than in the 2% lidocaine group (p ≤ 0.05). the success rate of sensory and motor block was not different. the quality (completeness) of sensory ...

Aims: Umbilical cord blood (UCB) has been recently considered as an alternative source of hematopoitic progenitor cells for clinical application. The parameters commonly used to evaluate a UCB unit and predict transplant outcomes have been total nucleated cell count (TNCs), CD34+ cells concentration and total volume of cord blood collected. The volume of cord blood collection is also important ...

In this paper, the stress concentration around a hole in the single layer composite materials with long fibers is examined. The single layer has an infinite length, limited with and instant thickness and is loaded by a constant tension force p at infinity. The width of the lamina is considered to be finite and bears a hole as a defect. Due to presence of excessive shear stress in the matrix bay...

we separated platelets from whole blood and incorporated them into in-ill and te-99m agents. sn-gha, tropolone, oxine (sulphate) and hmpao were used to diffuse radionuclides into the platelets. the effects of time, temperature, ph of incubation media; volume and concentration of ionophore; and volume and activity of ln-l 13m c13 and te-99m on labeling efficiency were studied.

A new method to measure intracellular volume in Dunaliella was developed, where lithium ions are used as monitors of the extracellular volume. Li(+) is shown to be impenetrable to the intracellular volume, insignificantly absorbed to the algae, and is rapidly and evenly distributed within the extracellular volume. The method is suggested to be free of several limitations and consistent errors p...

the performance of a γ-al 2 o 3 /n-decane nanofluid shell-and-tube heat exchanger in a biomass heating plant is analyzed to specify the optimum condition based on the maximum heat transfer rate and performance index for wide range of nanoparticle volume fraction (0–7%). compared with pure          n-decane, the obtained results in this research show that by using γ-al 2 o 3 /n-decane nanofluid ...

Small-scale concentration of viruses (sample volumes 1-10 L, here simulated with spiked 100 ml water samples) is an efficient, cost-effective way to identify optimal parameters for virus concentration. Viruses can be concentrated from water using filtration (electropositive, electronegative, glass wool or size exclusion), followed by secondary concentration with beef extract to release viruses ...

The demonstration that information required for the generation of neurons before glia is intrinsic to individual stem cell–derived clones poses the question of mechanism. One possibility is that there is a clock intrinsic to stem cells that determines when daughter cells will be Discussions of CNS stem cell biology often leave the specified to adopt neuronal fates and when they will impression ...

MEASUREMENT IN DIGITAL MICROFLUIDICS Gaurav J. Shah, Saman Sadeghi, Huijiang Ding, Supin Chen,, R. Michael van Dam Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging and Department of Molecular & Medical Pharmacology, Biomedical Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, USA ABSTRACT In this paper, we report on simplified and improved impedance detection in digital microfluidics for meas...