It is evident that color vision evolved to inform organisms about their environment and thus must be shaped by the environment the organism is in. The color properties of the world are a potent factor affecting not only the basic mechanisms of color vision within a species but also how they are calibrated and fine-tuned within the individual. As a result, many aspects of the physiology of color...

The ability to navigate without getting lost is an important aspect of quality of life. In 5 studies, we evaluated how spatial learning is affected by the increased demands of keeping oneself safe while walking with degraded vision (mobility monitoring). We proposed that safe low vision mobility requires attentional resources, providing competition for those needed to learn a new environment. I...

Machine vision is a superior replacement for human vision in applications such as high-speed verification and testing. We review trends and issues in applying machine vision. In the last few years, machine vision systems have improved dramatically in performance, ease-of-use, intelligence, and cost. Applying machine vision to verification and testing is now relatively easy and inexpensive. Succ...

Automated optical inspection systems are frequently utilized to sort out defective objects. However, those objects might actually be reworked or disposed. The combination of defect detection and specific processing in a single operation helps to reduce reworking time and waste. Defect detection on 3D objects is approached by combining the techniques of surface detection and geometry estimation....

We report the results of psychophysical experiments on color contrast induction. In earlier work [Vision Res. 34, 3111 (1994)], we showed that modulating the spatial contrast of an annulus in time induces an apparent modulation of the contrast of a central disk, at isoluminance. Here we vary the chromatic properties of disk and annulus systematically in a study of the interactions among the lum...

Recently we have shown that children's ability to perceive motion-defined forms shows an asymmetry in the left and right visual half-fields which disappears in adulthood. The present study is focused on the visual half-field development of colour contrast vision in the same group of subjects. It was found that colour contrast thresholds for the detection of colour-contrast-defined forms decreas...