conclusions the trat gene and pai markers were highly prevalent among upec strains isolated from patients in kashan, iran; therefore these determinants could be used as targets for prophylactic interventions. also there was a high level of resistance against the antibiotics commonly used for urinary tract infection treatment. to reach better therapeutic outcomes, treatment regimens have to be m...

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of virulence and Cytolethal Distending Toxin (CDT) genes in the Campylobacter isolates from intestinal contents and gall bladders of broilers and, to evalute their cytotoxic effects on HeLa cell cultures. These genes play important roles in bacterial adherence to intestinal mucosa, flagella-mediated motility, invasive capability and the ab...

abstract ascochyta blight caused by didymella rabiei is one of the most important diseases of chickpea in ilam and kermanshah provinces, iran. in order to determine the pathogenicity variation of didymella rabiei populations, infected plants in field crops of different regions of both provinces were sampled. one hundred isolates were isolated by chickpea seed meal dextrose agar media. these iso...

background: avian pathogenic escherichia coli (apec), which is the causative agent of colibacillosis, harbors several putative virulence genes. an important trait of apec for both poultry and public health is antibiotic resistance. objectives: in the present study, some potential virulence genes of apecs isolated from northeast of iran and their resistance to the quinolones antibiotics were stu...

background staphylococcus aureus is a common cause of infections among humans and animals and it is known as a community-acquired and nosocomial pathogen. most of the isolates contain lysogenic phages which are responsible for production of various virulence factors such as enterotoxins, staphylokinase, β-lysin, lipase, exfoliative toxin a and pantone-vlaentine leukociden (pvl). all staphylococ...

background and objectives: brucella, causative of brucellosis, has some potential virulence factors involved in brucella replication and its strategies to circumvent the immune response. one of them is the virb gene that encodes the type іv secretion system proteins (t4ss) involved in intracellular replication of organism. brucella virulence factor a ( bvf a), and urease ( ure ) has also been d...

Background: The virulence of a pathogenic Vibrio cholerae is dependent on a discrete set of genetic determinants. In this study, we determined the distribution of virulence determinants among the clinical and environmental isolates of V. cholerae. Methods: The antibiotic resistance profiles of the isolates were determined using standard disk diffusion assay. PCR assay was performed to analyze t...

ABSTRACT Isolates of Puccinia triticina collected from common wheat in the Central Asia countries of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Kyrgyzstan and the Caucasus countries of Azerbaijan, Georgia, and Armenia were tested for virulence to 20 isolines of Thatcher wheat with different leaf rust resistance genes and molecular genotype at 23 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci. After clone corre...