Background and Aims: Several drugs are being used in treatment of HSV infection in human but still introducing an effective safe drug is desirable. Methods: We investigated the inhibitory effect of morphine on replication of HSV in vitro. Results: The results indicated that a concentration of up to 200 ug/ml morphine had a limited effect on Vero cell viability. At this concentration the growt...

Abstract: Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is the most common agent known to cause viral myocarditis. The viral genome encodes a single polyprotein that is cleaved to produce several proteins by virally encoded proteases. Most of this proteolytic processing is catalyzed by a cysteine protease called 3C. The 3C protease plays major role in viral replication and cellular damage. To understand the mecha...

The chemokines are a large family of small signaling proteins that bind to G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) on target cells and mediate the directional migration of immune cells into sites of infection or inflammation. The large DNA viruses, particularly the poxviruses and herpesviruses, have evolved several mechanisms to corrupt the normal functioning of the chemokine network. Two strategie...

For more than 30 years X-ray crystallography has been by far the most powerful approach for determining the structures of viruses and viral proteins at atomic resolution. The information provided by these structures, which covers many important aspects of the viral life cycle such as cell-receptor recognition, viral entry, nucleic acid transfer and genome replication, has extensively enriched o...

herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) unspliced 8.3 latency associated transcript (lat), which located in the long repeat sequences, has been shown to contain at least 16 open reading frames (orf: a-p). one of these orf, orf p, maps almost entirely antisense to hsv-1 neurovirulence gene, icp34.5. both orf p and icp34.5 are located in the long repeat and are antisense overlapping genes. therefore, in o...

objective: influenza virus a (h1n1) is an important subtype of the influenza respiratory viruses, which has important worldwide implications. hemagglutinin (ha), an important viral antigen, is responsible for binding to human cell receptors leading to an onset of the disease process. considering the critical role of viral attachment, this study focuses on the extraction and cloning of ha and it...