Sequestration of drugs in intracellular vesicles has been associated with multidrug-resistance (MDR), but it is not clear why vesicular drug accumulation, which depends upon intracellular pH gradients, should be associated with MDR. Using a human uterine sarcoma cell line (MES-SA) and a doxorubicin (DOX)-resistant variant cell line (Dx-5), which expresses p-glycoprotein (PGP), we have addressed...

Electron tomography (ET) has increasingly been used to understand the complexity of membrane systems and protein-trafficking events. By ET and immunonanogold electron microscopy, we recently defined a route for vesicular transport and release of granule-stored products from within activated human eosinophils, cells specialized in the secretion of numerous cytokines and other proteins during inf...

niosomes, non-ionic surfactant vesicles (nsvs), are the hydrated lipids composed mainly of different classes of non-ionic surfactants, introduced in the seventies as a cosmetic vehicle. nowadays, niosomes are used as important new drug delivery systems by many research groups and also they are effective immunoadjuvants which some commercial forms are available in the market. these vesicles rece...

Niosomes, non-ionic surfactant vesicles (NSVs), are the hydrated lipids composed mainly of different classes of non-ionic surfactants, introduced in the seventies as a cosmetic vehicle. Nowadays, niosomes are used as important new drug delivery systems by many research groups and also they are effective immunoadjuvants which some commercial forms are available in the market. These vesicles rece...

The uptake of [3H[acetylcholine ([3H]AcCho) into cholinergic synaptic vesicle ghosts purified from Torpedo electric organ was studied at concentration of [3H]AcCho ranging from 0.1 to 10 mM. The accumulated [3H]AcCho can be released either by hypoosmotic buffer or by low levels of the detergent Triton X-100. Kinetic analysis of the initial rate of [3H]AcCho uptake reveals temperature-dependent ...

Detailed work on Quaternary volcanism has been carried out in the Mermoz and Fann sectors of western Senegal. In sector, main emission zone is a collapsed crater located at intersection three major fractures: NE-SW, NW-SE N-S. The lithological succession this sector comprises, from bottom to top: 1) substratum with its base Eocene limestones which lie sands surmounted by stratified tuffs; 2) ve...