in this research, the effect of friction between the liquid metal and the sand mould wall and the effect of passage of liquid through a vertical bend and through a ceramic filter on the fluid flow and the melt velocity has been studied by measuring the velocity of the melt and direct observation of the liquid flow through the different parts of a naturally-pressurized running system. the fricti...

In gravity below Earth-normal, a person should be able to take higher leaps in running. We asked 10 subjects to run on a treadmill in five levels of simulated reduced gravity and optically tracked centre-of-mass kinematics. Subjects consistently reduced ballistic height compared with running in normal gravity. We explain this trend by considering the vertical take-off velocity (defined as maxim...

Cloud radar, microwave radiometer, and lidar remote sensing data acquired during the Atlantic Stratocumulus Transition Experiment (ASTEX) are analyzed to address the relationship between (1) drop number concentration and cloud turbulence as represented by vertical velocity and vertical velocity variance and (2) drizzle formation and cloud turbulence. Six cases, each of about 12 hours duration, ...

Information about self-motion and obstacles in the environment is encoded by optic flow, the movement of images on the eye. Decades of research have revealed that flying insects control speed, altitude, and trajectory by a simple strategy of maintaining or balancing the translational velocity of images on the eyes, known as pattern velocity. It has been proposed that birds may use a similar alg...

the johor strait is an estuarine system located on the coast of the state of johor in malaysia.the western part of johor strait is a shallow estuarine located between causeway and pulai river. ahydrodynamic model was calibrated based on the environmental fluid dynamic code (efdc) from 4th to 17th of october, 2009. in this calibration, the efdc hydrodynamic model was configured to simulate time ...

Crustal movement is one of the main factors influencing the change of the Earth system, especially in its vertical direction, which affects people's daily life through the frequent occurrence of earthquakes, geological disasters, and so on. In order to get a better study and application of the vertical crustal movement,as well as its changes, the foundation and prerequisite areto devise and est...

Cf = skin friction coefficient CD = drag coefficient CDf = friction drag coefficient CDp = pressure drag coefficient h = step height M0 = freestream Mach number Patm = atmospheric pressure Pi = stagnation pressure Re = freestream Reynolds number Ti = stagnation temperature U = velocity U = normalized velocity Uτ = friction velocity X = longitudinal coordinate Z = vertical coordinate Z = normali...

1. The dynamic contribution of otolith signals to three-dimensional angular vestibuloocular reflex (VOR) was studied during off-vertical axis rotations in rhesus monkeys. In an attempt to separate response components to head velocity from those to head position relative to gravity during low-frequency sinusoidal oscillations, large oscillation amplitudes were chosen such that peak-to-peak head ...

This paper deals with a theoretical investigation of heat and mass transfer with thermal radiation analysis on hydromagnetic peristaltic Prandtl fluid model with porous medium through an asymmetric tapered vertical channel under the influence of gravity field. Analytical results are found for the velocity, pressure gradient, pressure rise, frictional force, temperature and concentration. The in...

Sixteen semiprofessional Australian football players performed running bouts at incremental velocities of 40, 60, 80, and 100% of their maximum velocity on a Woodway nonmotorized force treadmill. As running velocity increased from 40 to 60%, peak vertical and peak horizontal forces increased by 14.3% (effect size [ES] = 1.0) and 34.4% (ES = 4.2), respectively. The changes in peak vertical and p...