REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY Lungeing is commonly used as part of standard lameness examinations in horses. Knowledge of how lungeing influences motion symmetry in sound horses is needed. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to objectively evaluate the symmetry of vertical head and pelvic motion during lungeing in a large number of horses with symmetric motion during straight line evaluation....

The aim of this article was to show two cases that used a two-plan loop (T-loop modified) for correcting of dental transposition. The cases showed orthodontic treatments of transposition between lateral incisor and canine treated by two-plan loop. The loop modified showed as a good option to correct transposition with minor possibility of periodontal trauma due the horizontal movement with decr...

Various studies have shown that the external focus of attention is better than the internal focus of attention. But, so far no study has been investigated the level of electrical activity of the rectus abdominus muscle as a trunk stabilizer muscle. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of focus of attention on electromyography activity of the rectus abdominus muscle...

Cocaine's effects on striatal neurons related to vertical head movement were studied during a task requiring vertical head movement. The proportion of long-distance head movements was increased by low doses but decreased by the high dose, which produced stereotypic head bobbing. At all doses, normally low firing rates related to movement were elevated to a greater degree than were normally high...

Theoretically, one can estimate the direction of an object that is relative to the head using vertical disparity if the distance from the head to the object is known. However, several reports describe vertical disparity as having little or no effect on the perception of visual direction. It has been suggested, however, that the visual processes involved in action are different from those involv...

Background: The Developmental Eye Movement Test (DEM) is a screening and clinical test used to evaluate ocular motility and naming skills with respect to developmental age. The DEM test combines a vertical condition to assess naming with a horizontal condition to assess naming and ocular movements. The aim of this study is to verify the assessments of naming and ocular movement in the vertical,...

In order to calculate the ground movement induced by displacement piles driven into horizontal layered strata, an axisymmetric model was built and then the vertical and horizontal ground movement functions were deduced using stochastic medium theory. Results show that the vertical ground movement obeys normal distribution function, while the horizontal ground movement is an exponential function...

Machine tools are improved capacity remarkably during the 20th century. Improving the precision of machine tools are related with precision of products and accurate processing is always associated with the subject of interest. There are a lot of the elements that determine the precision of the machine, as guides, motors, structure, control, etc. In this paper we focused on the phenomenon that v...

PURPOSE There is little information regarding the characteristics of head movements during reading. This study was undertaken to investigate horizontal and vertical head movements during two different reading tasks. METHODS Head and eye movements were monitored with an infrared pupil and head tracker in 15 subjects during repeated reading of text from an A4-sized card and a card 90 degrees wi...