Rodent spatial cognition studies allow links to be made between neural and behavioural phenomena, and much is now known about the encoding and use of horizontal space. However, the real world is three dimensional, providing cognitive challenges that have yet to be explored. Motivated by neural findings suggesting weaker encoding of vertical than horizontal space, we examined whether rats show a...

Background: The use of dots on the nose, and chin as markers for measuring occlusal vertical dimension is common in complete denture construction. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the accuracy of facial measurements while assessing occlusal vertical dimension in edentulous patients. Materials and methods: The study was carried out on 28 edentulous patients. Occlusion rims were constructed...

Introduction: The Purpose of this study was to evaluate dentofacial vertical dimension alteration in patients with class II division 1 malocclusion after the first maxillarypremolar extraction. Methods:This study used 24 cephalogramseach before and after treatment. Dentofacial dimension measured by Sivakumar and Valiathan method. The cephalometric measurements investigated were as follows : man...