Cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors have antitumorigenic activity and increase the expression of the early growth response gene Egr-1, a tumor suppressor gene and transcription factor. In this study, we have investigated the gene regulatory and anti-invasive activity of two traditional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), sulindac sulfide and indomethacin. These compounds inhibited tumor c...

The Fas ligand (FasL)/Fas pathway is crucial for homeostasis of the immune system and peripheral tolerance. Peripheral lymphocyte deletion involves FasL/Fas in at least two ways: coexpression of both Fas and its ligand on T cells, leading to activation-induced cell death, and expression of FasL by nonlymphoid cells, such as intestinal epithelial cells (IEC), that kill Fas-positive T cells. We d...

Stimulation of astrocytes with epidermal growth factor (EGF) induced proliferation and triggered the biosynthesis of the transcription factor Egr-1, involving the activation of the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) signaling pathway. No differences in the proliferation rate of astrocytes prepared from wild-type or Egr-1-deficient mice were detected. However, expression of a do...

The Cape ventilator (Penlon Ltd) still remains one of the most widely used ventilators in intensive therapy units (ITU). However, when low fractional inspired oxygen concentrations (F IO2 ) are prescribed, particularly when associated with low minute volumes (V̇ ), the required supplemental oxygen flow is small. Flows less than 2 litres/min are not uncommon. For example; an F IO2 of 0·35 and a V̇...

The objective of this research was to develop advanced diesel combustion strategies for emissions reduction in a multi-cylinder diesel engine. The engine was equipped with an electronically-controlled, common-rail fuel injection system, and an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system. This experimental setup allowed a wide range of operating conditions to be explored. Effects of various injector ...

Objective: To evaluate the use of an adjustable venturi device with standard wall oxygen supply to deliver nasal high flow oxygen. Design: We set up a circuit using a standard 15 L/ min oxygen rotameter connected to a wall outlet, 2 m standard oxygen tubing, an adjustable venturi device, humidification chamber and nasal high flow circuit and cannulae. Delivered FiO2 and total gas flow rates wer...

The Ca2+-induced expression of the primary response genes egr-1 and c-fos was investigated in the murine erythroleukaemia cell line ELM-I-1. Exposure of the cells to the Ca2+-ionophore A23187 led to a rapid transient rise in egr-1 and c-fos mRNA production followed by an increase in Egr-1 and c-Fos protein levels as well as an increase in Egr-1 and activator protein 1 (AP-1) DNA-binding activit...

A mean value model of a diesel engine with intake throttle, VGT, and EGR is developed, parameterized, and validated. The intended model applications are system analysis, simulation, and development of model-based control systems. The goal is to construct a model that describes the gas flow dynamics including the dynamics in the intercooler pressure, manifold pressures, turbocharger, EGR, and ac...

5-Lipoxygenase (5-LO), an enzyme essential for the formation of leukotrienes, is functionally modulated by a number of mechanisms, including transcriptional controls. The 5-LO promoter has a unique G+C-rich sequence, located between 176 and 147 base pairs upstream of the ATG translation start site, which contains five tandem Sp1 (a zinc-finger transcription factor) consensus binding sites overl...