Deep-sea hydrothermal vents in the western Pacific are increasingly being assessed for their potential mineral wealth. To anticipate the potential impacts on biodiversity and connectivity among populations at these vents, environmental baselines need to be established. Bathymodiolus manusensis is a deep-sea mussel found in close association with hydrothermal vents in Manus Basin, Papua New Guin...

Shallow submarine gas vents in Levante Bay, Vulcano Island (Italy), emit around 3.6t CO2 per day providing a natural laboratory for the study of biogeochemical processes related to seabed CO2 leaks and ocean acidification. The main physico-chemical parameters (T, pH and Eh) were measured at more than 70 stations with 40 seawater samples were collected for chemical analyses. The main gas vent ar...

The purpose of the project was to demonstrate and explain the acoustic effects of side branch and parallel vents in individual real ears. It was shown that parallel and side branch vents produce similar low frequency filtering effects and vent-associated reactance resonances. However, when the input system incorporates a side branch vent the sound pressure produced in the ear canal at frequenci...

11 Currently there exists no generally accepted reference technique to measure the ventilation rate 12 through naturally ventilated (NV) vents. This has an impact on the reliability of airflow rate control 13 techniques and emission rate measurements in NV animal houses. As an attempt to address this issue a 14 NV test facility was built to develop new airflow rate measurement techniques for bo...

Since its description from the Galapagos Rift in the mid-1980s, Archinome rosacea has been recorded at hydrothermal vents in the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian Oceans. Only recently was a second species described from the Pacific Antarctic Ridge. We inferred the identities and evolutionary relationships of Archinome representatives sampled from across the hydrothermal vent range of the genus, whi...

Since the discovery of hydrothermal vents 40-years ago, long-term time-series have focused on mid-ocean ridge systems. Based on these studies, hydrothermal vents are widely considered to be dynamic, ephemeral habitats. Under this premise, national, and international regulatory bodies are currently planning for the commercial mining of polymetallic sulfide deposits from hydrothermal vents. Howev...

Southwest Indian Ridge (SWIR) is a typical oceanic ultraslow spreading ridge with intensive hydrothermal activities. The microbial communities in hydrothermal fields including primary producers to support the entire ecosystem by utilizing geochemical energy generated from rock-seawater interactions. Here we have examined the microbial community structures on four hydrothermal vents from SWIR, r...

The anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) is carried out by a globally distributed group of uncultivated Euryarchaeota, the anaerobic methanotrophic arachaea (ANME). In this work, we used G+C analysis of 16S rRNA genes to identify a putatively thermophilic ANME group and applied newly designed primers to study its distribution in low-temperature diffuse vent fluids from deep-sea hydrothermal ven...

This is a nice paper presenting their data on nitrogen transformation in particular nitrogen loss at deep-sea diffuse vents. Through their data, they could determine the potential rates of denitrification, annamox, and DNRA using 15N paired isotope techniques. Their result suggested that bacterial denitrification is the dominant nitrogen elimination process in sulfidic hydrothermal vent waters....

Blockers of vents in ultra-low-yield cigarettes had higher levels of carbon monoxide (CO) and salivary cotinine than did nonblockers. None of the blockers reported that they blocked vents. Exposure differences seemed not to be due simply to vent blocking, but also to be the result of syndromes of heavier (blocking, more cigarettes per day, and starting earlier in the morning) or lighter smoking...