The aim of the paper is to compare results obtained by experiments and numerical analysis for vehicle exhaust pollutant emissions and concentrations in urban area. Special attention was plaid to problems of vehicle pollutant emission and dispersion caused by cold start. For description of emission sources a multi-point model was applying. In the model every vehicle is treated as a single moveab...

Beijing, the capital of China, has experienced rapid motorization since 1990; a trend that is likely to continue. The growth in vehicles and the corresponding emissions create challenges to improving the urban air quality. In an effort to reduce the impact of vehicle emissions on urban air quality, Beijing has adopted a number of vehicle emission control strategies and policies since the mid 19...

Fuel Economy and gHg standards design series the author would like to thank his colleagues John german, anup Bandivadekar and Joe schultz for their guidance and constructive comments, as well as all icct internal and external reviewers of this paper. ExEcutivE Summary the current carbon dioxide (co 2) emission performance standards for new passenger cars in the European Union are based on vehic...

The Environmental Protection Agency’s new Multi-scale Motor Vehicle and Equipment Emissions System (MOVES) is intended to replace the MOBILE6 and NONROAD models in coming years. To establish a methodology for the emission rate estimator portion of MOVES, the following questions were addressed: (1) how should second-by-second data be used to estimate emission rates?; (2) what explanatory variabl...

Mobile source emission models currently used by state and federal agencies (e.g., Environmental Protection Agency’s MOBILE and California Air Resources Board’s EMFAC) are often inadequate for analyzing the emissions impact of various transportation control measures, intelligent transportation systems, alternative fuel vehicles, and more sophisticated inspection/maintenance programs contained in...

Various transportation policies can help conserve energy and reduce pollution emissions. Some, called cleaner vehicle strategies in this article, reduce emission rates per vehiclekilometer. Others, called mobility management strategies, reduce total vehicle travel. There is disagreement concerning which approach is most cost effective and beneficial overall. Some previous studies concluded that...

This paper formulates a mathematical model for the Green Vehicle Routing Problem (GVRP), incorporating bi-fuel (natural gas and gasoline) pickup trucks in a mixed vehicle fleet. The objective is to minimize overall costs relating to service (earliness and tardiness), transportation (fixed, variable and fuel), and carbon emissions. To reflect a real-world situation, the study considers: (1) a co...

This paper considers the effect of active speed management on traffic-induced emissions. In particular, the traffic emissions caused by acceleration and deceleration of vehicles are modelled based on an instantaneous emission model integrated with a microscopic traffic simulation model. The emission model is based on empirical measurements which relate vehicle emission to the type, the instanta...

Intensive mass and chemical measurements were performed at roadside locations in Reno, Nevada, and Durham/ Research Triangle Park), North Carolina to derive tailpipe, resuspended road dust, and brake-wear emission factors from in-use vehicles. Continuous particulate matter (PM) data were utilized to derive total emission factors while integrated PM data were used to attribute the calculated emi...