BACKGROUND The duration of action of vecuronium is reduced in patients receiving phenytoin. In this study, the authors examined, simultaneously, the influence of phenytoin on both the pharmacokinetics and the pharmacodynamics of vecuronium. METHODS This study was approved by the institutional review board of the University of California, San Francisco, and patients gave written informed conse...

In the title compound, C(13)H(12)N(3)O(3) (+)·Br(-), the benzene and pyridinium rings form a dihedral angle of 82.0 (1)°. In the crystal, N-H⋯Br and N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the components into chains along [001]. In addition, weak C-H⋯O and C-H⋯Br hydrogen bonds are observed.

To define the role of vecuronium in the occurrence of bradyarrhythmia, haemodynamic changes after the induction of anaesthesia were studied in 96 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Patients were assigned to one of six groups according to different combinations of induction agents (etomidate 0.3 mg kg-1 or thiopentone 3 mg kg-1, with fentanyl 0.003 mg kg-1; etomidate 0.4-0.5 mg...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of esmolol infusion on the prevention of haemodynamic responses to tracheal extubation in patients undergoing elective craniotomy. METHODS With approval from the Medical School Ethics Committee at Marmara University and the patients' written consent, 30 patients between 20-65 years of age undergoing elective craniotomy were randomly ...

BACKGROUND beta1-Adrenoceptor antagonists suppress the haemodynamic and arousal responses to tracheal intubation. The Entropy Module shows two spectral entropy-based indices, response entropy (RE) and state entropy (SE). The difference between RE and SE (RE-SE) may reflect nociception during general anaesthesia. In the present study, we investigated the effect of landiolol on entropy indices in...

middle ear surgery. Dexmedetomidine can be a potential agent in controlled hypotension. In this study we investigated efficacy of dexmedetomidine as an adjunct to induce controlled hypotension in tympanoplasty with low-flow anesthesia. Materials and Methods: Forty patients undergoing middle ear surgery were studied. Anesthesia was induced with thiopental and vecuronium bromide. Maintenance of a...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES We investigated the effect of Nitrous Oxide (N2O) on controlled hypotension in low-flow isoflurane-dexmedetomidine anesthesia in terms of hemodynamics, anesthetic consumption, and costs. METHODS We allocated forty patients randomly into two equal groups. We then maintained dexmedetomidine infusion (0.1 μg.kg(-1).min(-1)) for 10 minutes. Next, we continued it until th...

Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) models play an important role in educational simulations. The parameters of PK-PD models described in the scientific literature are obtained from studies in which the drug concentrations and the drug-effect data are measured simultaneously. Simultaneous PK-PD studies cannot be expected to incorporate all possible combinations of drugs and patient physiolo...